Reproductive System

Question 1

What are the haploid cells?

Answer 1

male - spermatozoa

female - oocyte/ ovum

Question 2

What are the gonads?

Answer 2

where the haploid cells are produced
male = testes
female = ovaries

Question 3

What is the diploid cell produced in fertilization called?

Answer 3

zygote

Question 4

What are the primary female reproductive organs?

Answer 4

ovaries

Question 5

What uterus layer comes away in menstration?

Answer 5

endometrium

Question 6

What are the 3 layers of the uterus wall?

Answer 6

perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium

Question 7

What are the accessory organs of the female reproductive system?

Answer 7

The uterine tubes
uterus
vagina

Question 8

Where does fertilisation occur?

Answer 8

In the ampulla

Question 9

Where does implantation occur?

Answer 9

in the body of the uterus

Question 10

What are the steps of the ovum’s life cycle in a menstrual cycle?

Answer 10

1. ova develops in ovaries
2. each menstrual cycle, 1 ovum is released from surface of ovary into peritoneal cavity
3. ovum is gathered by fimbriae into infundibulum of uterine tube
4. moved along uterine tube by cilia
5. during menstruation, an unfertilised ovum is expelled by contractions of the myometrium

Question 11

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 11

where the fertilisation implants outside of the uterine cavity
this is a potential emergency due to the danger of haemorrhage

Question 12

What is the process of female steritilisation?

Answer 12

tubal ligation

where both uterine tubes are clipped, cut or cauterised which blocks the lumen

Question 13

What is the process of testes development?

Answer 13

they originate on the abdominal cavity’s posterior wall

they’ve descended to the scrotum by birth through the inguinal canal - the anterior abdominal wall

Question 14

What is the vas (vas deferens)?

Answer 14

the tube that sperm pass through - follows the testis into the scrotum and connects the testis almost to the urethra

Question 15

Where are sperm produced?

Answer 15

in the seminiferous tubules

Question 16

What is the path sperm take into the vas deferens?

Answer 16

they pass to rete testis then into the head of epididymis which then becomes the vas deferens

Question 17

What is the temperature needed for sperm development?

Answer 17

roughly 1 degree below core body temperature dartos muscle helps to control this

Question 18

What is contained within the spermatic cord?

Answer 18

vas deferens
testicular artery
pampiniform plexus of veins

Question 19

What is torsion of testes?

Answer 19

twisting of spermatic cord
disrupts blood supply
severe pain
danger of testicular necrosis

Question 20

What are the changes in blood supply to the penis during erection?

Answer 20

3 cylinders of erectile tissue become filled with blood at arterial pressure

Question 21

What are the primary male reproductive organs?

Answer 21

the testes

Question 22

What are the male accessory reproductive organs?

Answer 22

vas deferens
seminal glands
prostate gland
penis

Question 23

What is the procedure of male sterilisation?

Answer 23

Vasectomy - vas deferens is transected and its lumen is sutured closed bilaterally

Question 24

How do the spermatic cords pass into the pelvic cavity?

Answer 24

through the anterior abdominal wall within the inguinal canal

Question 25

How do the vas deferens become the ejaculatory duct containing semen?

Answer 25

They connect with the seminal duct gland (which produces seminal fluid) to form the ejactulatory duct

Question 26

Where does the urethra open in a man?

Answer 26

at the external urethral meatus of the penis

Question 27

What is path of the sperm from development in the testes to ejection through the urethra?

Answer 27

sperm passes from the testis to vas deferens within the spermatic cord
the vas deferens become the ejacuatory duct the right and left ejaculatory ducts join in the prostate gland and drain into the urethra

Question 28

Where is the prostate located?

Answer 28

immediately inferior to the bladder