Reproductive system

Question 1

Testes

Answer 1

Organs that produce sperm and sex hormones

Question 2

Scrotum

Answer 2

Pouch of skin containing testes. It hangs outside the body to keep the sperm cooler than normal body temperature.

Question 3

Sperm

Answer 3

Male reproductive cell. It consists of a head, a middle section and a tail used to swim towards the egg.

Question 4

Sexual Intercourse

Answer 4

Act of inserting sperm into the female; also called copulation or mating

Question 5

Semen

Answer 5

Combination of fluid and sperm

Question 6

Penis

Answer 6

The male reproductive organ

Question 7

Bladder

Answer 7

A muscular membranous sac in the abdomen which receives urine from the kidneys and stores it for excretion.

Question 8

Prostate gland

Answer 8

A gland surrounding the neck of the bladder in male mammals and releasing a fluid component of semen

Question 9

Urethra

Answer 9

The duct by which urine is conveyed out of the body from the bladder, and which in male vertebrates also conveys semen.

Question 10

Follicles

Answer 10

Sacs containing egg cells

Question 11

Fallopian tubes

Answer 11

Tiny tubes joining the ovaries to the uterus. Fertilisation occurs in one of these tubes

Question 12

Fertilisation

Answer 12

Penetration of the ovum by a sperm

Question 13

Puberty

Answer 13

life stage when the sex glands become active and bodily changes occur to enable reproduction

Question 14

Hormones

Answer 14

chemical substances Produced by glands and circulated in the blood. Hormones have specific effects in the body

Question 15

Menarche

Answer 15

The first menstrual period

Question 16

Menstrual cycle

Answer 16

Beginning of one period to the beginning of the next period

Question 17

Sexual reproduction

Answer 17

Joining together of male and female reproductive cells

Question 18

Gametes

Answer 18

Reproductive cells (sperm or ova) containing half the genetic information of normal cells

Question 19

Ova

Answer 19

Female gametes or sex cells (singular = ovum)

Question 20

Zygote

Answer 20

Cell formed by the fusion of two gametes; fertilised ovum before it starts to divide into more cells

Question 21

External Fertilisation

Answer 21

Reproduction where the eggs are released by the female into water and fertilised by sperm released nearby

Question 22

Internal fertilisation

Answer 22

Reproduction where the egg remains in the female and is fertilised by sperm inserted into the female

Question 23

Copulation

Answer 23

The act of inserting sperm into the female; also called sexual intercourse or mating

Question 24

Meiosis

Answer 24

Cell division process that results in new cells with half the number of chromosomes of the original cell

Question 25

Epigenetics

Answer 25

A new branch of science that involves studying the effect of our experiences on the expression of our genetic information

Question 26

Nuclear DNA

Answer 26

Genetic Material Passed on from both parents, from the nucleus of both the sperm and ovum

Question 27

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

Answer 27

Genetic material from the mitochondria, passed on only from the mother

Question 28

Ejaculation

Answer 28

Release of sperm

Question 29

Identical Twins

Answer 29

Twins developed from the same fertilised egg

Question 30

Fraternal Twins

Answer 30

Twins developed from different fertilised eggs

Question 31

Embryo

Answer 31

group of cells formed from the zygote and developing into different body organs

Question 32

Implantation

Answer 32

the process whereby the embryo becomes embedded in the wall of the uterus

Question 33

Fetus

Answer 33

the unborn young of an animal that has developed a distinct head, arms and legs

Question 34

Placenta

Answer 34

an organ formed in the mother’s womb through which the baby receives food and oxygen from the mother’s blood and the baby’s wastes are removed

Question 35

Gestation Period

Answer 35

Time spent by offspring developing in the uterus

Question 36

Premature

Answer 36

describes a baby born less than 37 weeks after conception

Question 37

Labour

Answer 37

Childbirth

Question 38

Breech

Answer 38

Describes a birth in which the baby is born feet first

Question 39

Cesarean

Answer 39

operation to remove a baby by cutting the mother’s abdomen

Question 40

Oxytocin

Answer 40

A hormone

Question 41

Conception

Answer 41

Embedding of a fertilised egg in the uterus wall

Question 42

Contraception

Answer 42

Prevention of fertilisation of an egg or prevention of a fertilised egg becoming embedded in the uterus wall

Question 43

Contraceptives

Answer 43

devices or Substances that prevent fertilisation of an egg or prevent a fertilised egg becoming embedded in the uterus wall

Question 44

Transdermal Patches

Answer 44

skin applications containing hormones that are absorbed through the skin

Question 45

Vaginal Pills

Answer 45

soluble capsules containing spermicides that are placed in the vagina to prevent conception

Question 46

FIlshie clip

Answer 46

type of fallopian tube clamp

Question 47

Testosterone injections

Answer 47

hormone injections that reduce sperm production

Question 48

Anti-fertility vaccines

Answer 48

injections to control sperm and testosterone levels

Question 49

Sperm duct plug

Answer 49

injection of a liquid plastic to block the sperm duct

Question 50

Chemical sterilisation

Answer 50

oral medication that results in male infertility

Question 51

Gossypol

Answer 51

a non-hormonal substance that occurs naturally in unrefined cottonseed oil. When taken orally, it reduces sperm count