Chemistry #1 Flashcards
Atom
Smallest unit of an element
Nucleus
Central part of an atom and it is composed of protons and neutrons, where the most of its mass is
Proton
A positively charged particle that is a component of a nucleus
Neutron
An uncharged particle that is a component of a nucleus
Electron
A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus
Quark
Makes up an atom and is smaller than one
Molecule
A group of atoms bonded together that is the smallest unit of a chemical compound
Alkali Metals
Is the first group in the periodic table and are very unstable and unhappy
Noble Gases
Last group in the periodic table and never interacts with other elements because it always has a full shell of electrons
Cation
A positively charged ion
Anion
A negatively charged ion
Valence Shell
The outermost shell in an atom
Valence Electrons
The electrons that are in the valence shell
Ion
A positively or negatively charged molecule due to a loss or gain of an electron
Octet
Is a full shell of 8 electrons in the shell
Element
Pure substances made up of only one type of atom
Compound
Substance made up of two or more types of atoms that are chemically bonded together
Mixtures
A combination of substances in which each keeps its own properties
Metals
Elements that conduct heat and electricity, shiny solids that are tough
Non Metals
Elements that do not conduct electricity or heat, they melt and turn into gases easily and are brittle and often coloured
Metalloids
Elements that look like metals but have the properties of non metals
