Reproductive System

Question 1

what are the main functions of the female reproductive system?

Answer 1

formation of ova
reception of spermatozoa
fertilisation and foetal development
child birth

Question 2

name the external features of the female reproductive system

Answer 2

clitoris - erectile tissue
labia minora - inner vaginal ‘lips’
labia majora - outer vaginal ‘lips’

Question 3

name the internal features of the female reproductive system

Answer 3

uterus
cervix
Fallopian tubes

Question 4

name the three layers of the uterus (inside out)

Answer 4

endometrium
myometrium
perimetrium

Question 5

name some of the cycle pattern of changes during mensuration

Answer 5

ovarian hormone secretion and activity
the character of the uterine endometrium
interaction between the hypothalamus, pituitary glands and the ovaries

Question 6

what happens during the menstrual phase?

Answer 6

if no fertilisation happens, there is high levels of progesterone in the blood which inhibits the pituitary release of luteinising hormone (LH)
LH production decreases
fall in LH levels result in the degeneration of the corpus luteum
the corpus luteum stops secreting progesterone
the withdrawal of progesterone cause the breakdown of the endometrial lining (shreds)

Question 7

what happens if the body is fertilised

Answer 7

fertilisation > implantation > pregnancy

Question 8

what happens if the body is not fertilised

Answer 8

no fertilisation > uterine lining shed > menstration

Question 9

name the pelvic organs

Answer 9

scrotum - pouch of pigmented skin - each contains on testis, one epididymis and the testicular end of the spermatic cord
testes - reproductive glands

Question 10

name the organs involved in semen production

Answer 10

seminal vesicles - two fibromuscular pouches lined with columnar epithelium
prostate gland - connective tissue and smooth muscle
epididymis - narrow, tightly coiled tube
penis - 2 lateral columns (corpora cavernosa) and one middle column (corpus spongiosum) - contains the urethra