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Bio 233 Lab > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define Gametes

A

Male and female reproductive cells

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2
Q

What are Gonads

A

Reproductive organs, produce gametes

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3
Q

What are ducts for

A

Transport gametes

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4
Q

What is the function of accessory glands and organs

A

Secrete fluids

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5
Q

What do the testes secrete

A

Androgens

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6
Q

What do the testes produce

A

.5 billion spermatozoa

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7
Q

What do the ovaries release once a month

A

One oocyte which is an immature gamete

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8
Q

What is the pathway of sperm through the testes

A
  1. Seminiferous tubules
  2. Straight tubules
  3. Rete testis
  4. Efferent ducts
  5. Ductus epididymis
  6. Vas deferens
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9
Q

Where does the ejaculatory duct penetrate into?

A

Muscular wall of prostate gland

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10
Q

What is the function of the ejaculatory duct?

A

Adding fluid to prostatic urethra prior to ejaculation

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11
Q

What is the function of Seminal glands

A

Aid in production of semen by producing mucous that combines with spermatozoa

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12
Q

What is the function of Prostate gland

A

Produce thin milky white fluid that has calcium, citrate, and phosphate

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13
Q

What is the bulbourethral gland do

A

Neutralizes urea and lubricates

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14
Q

What are the three sections of the urethra

A
  1. Prostatic urethra
  2. Membranous urethra
  3. Songs urethra
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15
Q

Name the structures of the spermatic cord

A
  1. Testicular artery
  2. Pampiniform plexus of veins
  3. Autonomic nerves
  4. Lymphatic vessels
  5. Vas deferens
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16
Q

Where does sperm formation occur?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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17
Q

What stages of sperm development occur in seminiferous tubules

A
  1. Spermatogonia
  2. Primary spermatocyte
  3. Secondary spermatocyte
  4. Spermatid
    5 spermatozoa
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18
Q

Function of nurse cells

A

Support spermatogenesis

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19
Q

Function of leydig cells

A

Secrete testosterone

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20
Q

Where is spermatogenesis occurring

A

Between two Sertoli cells (nurse cells)

21
Q

What does spermatogonia 2n go through and become

A

Mitosis and become primary spermatocytes

22
Q

What do primary spermatocyte 2n as go through and become

A

Meiosis I and become secondary spermatocytes

23
Q

What do secondary spermatocytes 1n go through and become…

A

Meiosis II becoming spermatids 1n

24
Q

What do spermatids 1n go through and become

A

Maturation and development and become spermatozoa 1n

25
Q

What is spermiogenesis

A

The maturation and development of a spermarid

26
Q

What do nurse cells do?

A

Maintain blood testis barrier and support mitosis meiosis

27
Q

What does the head middle piece and tail contain and or function of the sperm

A

Head contains acrosomes to fight through vagina
The middle piece contains mitochondria to produce ATP
The ATP powers the tail that is only flagellum to move the sperm

28
Q

Where is the site of sperm maturation

A

Epididymis

29
Q

What kind of epithelium is the epididymis

A

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

30
Q

How much semen is ejaculated at one time

A

2-5 mL

31
Q

How much spermatozoa per mL of semen

A

50-130 million

32
Q

What is the contents of seminal fluid (semen)

A

60% seminal glands
30% prostate glands
5% nurse cells and epididymis
<5% bulbourethral glands

33
Q

What is a function of the epididymis

A

Recycles damaged spermatozoa

34
Q

How does the epididymis monitor and adjust fluid composition

A

Stereocilia

35
Q

What are the walls of the uterus and what does it contain

A

90% Myometrium, the muscular tissue
10% endometrium, the glandular tissue, blood vessels
Perimetrium the serosa

36
Q

What are the phases of the menstrual cycle

A
  1. Menses
  2. Proliferative phase
  3. Secretory phase
37
Q

What makes up the follicular phase?

A

Menses and proliferative phase

38
Q

What makes up the luteal phase

A

Secretory phase

39
Q

What happens during menses

A

Endometrial sloughing

40
Q

What 3 things happens during proliferative phase

A
  1. Restoration of functional epithelium
  2. Follicles enlarge
  3. It is estrogen induced
  4. Occurs during the days of 7-14
41
Q

What’s happens during secretory phase

A

Glands enlarge and begins at 14 days

42
Q

What makes up the Fallopian tubes

4

A
  1. Infundibulum
  2. Fimbriae
  3. Ampulla
  4. Isthmus
43
Q

What are the 5 stages of follicular development

A
  1. Primordial
  2. Primary
  3. Secondary
  4. Graafian
  5. Ovulation
44
Q

What is oogenesis

A

Creation of eggs

45
Q

How many lactiferous sinuses are there in the breast

A

15-20

46
Q

What does prolactin do

A

Promotes the synthesis of milk

47
Q

What does oxytocin do

A

Causes contractions during labor and after birth

48
Q

When does testosterone circulate

A

When bound to gonadal steroid binding globulin or albumin

49
Q

What is testosterone converted into?

A

DHT

Bio 233 Lab (4 decks)

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