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Anatomy: Week 3 > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Homologues in male and females:
Gonads?
Labioscrotal folds?
Genital tubercle?

A

Men: Testis, Scrotum, Penis
Women: Ovary, Labia Majora, Clitoris

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2
Q

Where do testes and ovaries develop in relation to the peritoneum?

A

Intraperitoneal

Testes descend out of the peritoneum but ovaries don’t descend enough to leave the peritoneum

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3
Q

When can you start disguising between male and female in an embryo?

A

After the first 10 weeks

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4
Q

What is cryptorchidism and how is it treated?

A

Undescended testicle

Can be treated through hormones but surgery may be needed

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5
Q

What is the pathology of testicular torsion?

A

Torsion cuts off venous return before arterial supply. Causes swelling and intense pain

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6
Q

What happens in a ectopic pregnancy?

A

Fertilized egg does not get into the uterus. Mostly happens in the tubes but it can be in the ovary and peritoneal

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7
Q

What usually causes an ectopic pregnancy?

A

Caused by a blockage of scar tissue (usually from infection) in the fallopian tubes. The egg can’t get by

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8
Q

Where is the true pelvis and the false pelvis? (limits of the pelvis)

A

False is the wings of the ilium and it contains abdominal contents
True is below the pelvic brim and contains pelvis organs

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9
Q

What does the pudenal nerve innervate and what does it power?
2

A

Motors pelvis floor muscles

Collects sensory information from the genitals

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10
Q

Where does the spermatic cord get back into the pelvis?

A

Deep inguinal ring

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11
Q

How do we check for a hernia in the inguinal ring?

A

Push finger into scrotum and have the patient cough. This cough forces things out of the deep inguinal ring that are inside it.

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12
Q

What structures go through the obturator foramen?
3
Where does the nerve innervate?

A

Obturator nerve, vein and arteries.

Veins and arteries have branches that supply blood to the adductor muscle groups

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13
Q

What goes through the sciatic notch?

4

A

Superior and inferior gluteal nerves
Pudendal nerve
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries and veins
Pudendal arteries and veins

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14
Q

What is the function of the prostate?

A

secretes fluid that nourishes and protects the sperm

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15
Q

What is the pouch of douglas?

And what is its clinical significance?

A

The space between the uterus and rectum

Blood can pool there. Can stick needle in that space to test fluid

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16
Q

What structures do we cut, tie or block in males and females for fertilization?

A

Males is the vas deferenes

Females is the fallopian tubes

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17
Q

Identify the nerves that supply innervation to the pelvis
Parasympathetic? 4
Sympathetic?

A

Para: Sacral plexus = Sciatic, pudendal, superior and inferior gluteal nerves
Symp: Lumbar sympathetic trunk
Obturator nerve has both sensory and motor funcitons

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18
Q

The internal iliac artery supplies the majority of blood to the pelvis. What are its parietal and visceral branches?
6 total

A

Visceral:
Uterine artery
Vaginal artery
Middle rectal artery

Parietal:
Obturator artery
Internal pudendal artery
Inferior gluteal artery

19
Q

What are the routes out of the pelvis?

6

A 
Obturator foramen
Femoral canal
Sciatic notch
Anus
Vagina
Urethra
20
Q

Where does the rectum begin and end? In regards to the pelvis

A

Begins at the sciatic notch and ends at the ischial tuberosity
(also ends at the dentate line)

21
Q

What structures lie anterior to the rectum?

A

seminal vesicles
prostate
bladder
uterus

22
Q

What structures lie posterior to the rectum?

A

sacral vertebrae and coccyx

23
Q

Structures of the rectum you need to know

5

A 
Lateral Flexures
Ampulla
Anorectal Flexure
Puborectalis muscles
Ischiorectal fossa
24
Q

What is the ampulla of the rectum?

A

Where feces is stored until it is eliminated via the anal canal

25
Q

What are the lateral flexures of the rectum?

A

Three lateral curves in the rectum between the sacral and anorectal flexures

26
Q

What does the puborectalis muscle do?

A

Forms a sling for the rectum.

Relaxation increases the angle between the rectum and anus allowing defecation

27
Q

What is found in the ischiorectal fossa?

A

Internal pudendal artery and vein
Pudendal nerve
Inferior rectal artery and vein
Inferior anal

28
Q

Where does the anal canal begin and end?

A

Starts at the pectinate (dentate) line and extends to the external anal sphincter that closes it

29
Q

Structures of the anal canal you need to know?

A

Anorectal junction
Pectinate line
External anal sphincter

30
Q

Parts of the male reproductive system you need to know?

8

A 
Testes
Spermatic cord
Epididymis
Ductus (vas) deferens
Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory duct
Prostate
Penis
31
Q

Parts of the prostate you should know?

6

A

Base
Apex
4 lobes:
Anterior, posterior, lateral,median

32
Q

Parts of the Penis?

4

A

Urethral meatus
Glans
Shaft
Root

33
Q

What cavity are the male reproductive organs located in?

A

Pelvic Cavity

34
Q

Structures of the female reproductive system you need to know?
8

A 
Ovaries
Round ligament
Broad ligament
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
Vulva
35
Q

Parts of the fallopian tubes?

5

A 
Infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus
uterine part
fimbrae
36
Q

Parts of the uterus?

4

A

myometrium (outside muscle)
endometrium (inside muscle)
fundus
body

37
Q

Parts of the vagina?

2

A

Hymen

Canal

38
Q

Parts of the vulva?

5

A 
Labia majora
Labia minora
clitoris
urethra
mons pubis
39
Q

What are the borders of the anal triangle?

A

Posterior perineum

Runs from the ischial tuberosities to the coccyx

40
Q

What are the borders of the urogenital triangle?

A

Anterior perineum

Runs from the ischial tuberosities to the pubic symphysis

41
Q

What is contained in the urogenital triangle for males?

3

A

Distal Urethra
Scrotum
Penis

42
Q

What is contained in the urogenital triangle for females?

5

A 
mons
labia majora
labia minora
clitoris
vestibule
43
Q

Path of semen through the reproductive system?

6

A 
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejactulatory duct
Urethra
Penis
44
Q

Flow of egg through the female reproductive system?

A

Ovary
Fallopian tube
Uterus

Anatomy: Week 3 (5 decks)

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