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Anatomy and Physiology 2 > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

0
Q

What are the cells the of the gonads

A

In ovaries they are oocytes and and in testees they are spermatozoa

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1
Q

What are the gonads

A

Ovaries and testes

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2
Q

What is the release of an oocyte

A

Ovulation

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3
Q

What are the hormones of the female reproductive system

A

Estrogens, progesterone, relaxin, inhibin.

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4
Q

In humans the oviducts are called what?

A

Fallopian tubes

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5
Q

What are the ducts of the female reproductive system

A

The Fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina

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6
Q

What are the glands of the female reproductive system

A

Bartholins and skenes

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7
Q

What is spermatozoa before it’s released

A

Spermatocytes

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8
Q

What are the hormones of the male reproductive system

A

Androgens (testosterone) inhibin

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9
Q

Name the ducts of the male reproductive system

A

Epididymis, vasa deferentia, urethra, penis

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10
Q

What are the accessory glands of the male reproductive system

A

Prostate, seminal vesicles and cowpers glands

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11
Q

What are the gonads in the embryo

A

They are bipotential gonads (undifferentiated gonads)

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12
Q

What determines which gonads will come from the bipotential gonads

A

The presence of the Y chromosome and the sry gene

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13
Q

What is the duct system of the male and the duct system of the female

A

The male is the wolffian duct and the female is called the mullarian duct

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14
Q

The female reproductive system develops under what condition

A

In the absence of testosterone and the mullarian-inhibiting factor

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15
Q

What does the posterior pituitary secrete

A

ADH and oxytocin

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16
Q

What is sex determination

A

The process of which either testees or ovaries develop.

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17
Q

What does the anterior lobe secrete

A

Trophic hormones

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18
Q

What is the andenohypophysis and what is the neurohypophysis

A

The anterior lobe of the pituitary and the posterior lobe of the pituitary lobe

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19
Q

What does oxytocin do

A

It stimulates the breast to secret milk and stimulates the smooth muscle contraction of the myometrium during childbirth

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20
Q

How is oxytocin released during labor

A

When the fetal head presses on the uterine cervix which sends sensory impulses to the hypothalamus which is triggered to release oxytocin.

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21
Q

What are the tropic hormones

A
  • growth hormone
  • thyroid stimulating hormone
  • adrenocorticotropic hormone
  • prolactin
  • gonadotrophins
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22
Q

What does prolactin do

A

It synthesizes the breast milk

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23
Q

What are the gonadotrophins

A

Fsh and LH

24
What is the increase of growth hormone in adults and what is the deficiency
Acromegaly is the increase and muscle weakness is the decrease
25
What is the increase of Cortisol cause and what is the deficiency
The increase is crushing's syndrome and the decrease is Addison's disease
26
What is release In response to stress
Cortisol
27
What is a goiter
The enlarged thyroid gland due to either hyper or hypo thyroidism
28
Which pituitary gonadotrophins is responsible for the maturation of the follicle and oocyte
FSH
29
What are the epithelial sacs of the ovaries
The follicle
30
The primary follicle has how many layers around it
One
31
The tiny immature follicles at the edge of the ovary are referred to as what
Primordial follicles
32
What are the characteristics of a graaffian follicle
A Larger oocyte, a cumulus oophurus, two or more layers and an Antrum.
33
What is the mass of cells around the oocyte that attaches it to the follicle wall
Cumulus oophorus
34
What is the fluids base space in the follicle and what hormone is in it
It's called an Antrum and it has estrogen.
35
At what point of the menstrual cycle does LH take over?
At ovulation.
36
What is the regressed corpus luteum once there is no pregnancy
The corpus albicans
37
What is the function of the thyroid-stimulating hormone
It regulates oxygen and metabolic rate
38
What are the thyroid stimulating hormones
T3 and T4
39
What does growth hormone do to the liver?
It induces it to produce somatomedins
40
What is the prescribed drug containing oxytocin
Pitocin
41
What is another word for birth
Parturition
42
Where does the sperm mature
Epididymis
43
What is an autosome
A non sex chromosome
44
What is nondisjunction
The nonseperation of chromosomes during meiosis
45
What is the result of an egg with no sex chromosome and a sperm with a x chomosome
It results in a female with turners syndrome
46
What is the results of an egg with two X chromosomes and a sperm with a Y chromosome
A boy with klinefeller syndrome
47
What is the result of an egg with an X chromosome with a sperm with two Y chromosomes
A boy with Jacob syndrome
48
What is congenital adrenal hyperplasia
It is the lack of an enzyme that the adrenal gland needs to make the hormones aldosterone and cortisol
49
What is the role of progesterone
It limits estrogen action and maintains uterine lining
50
What is the role of Sertoli cells
They nourish sperm, move sperm towards lumen, produce anti-mullarian hormone, produce androgen binding globulin (attaches to testosterone), produce inhibin (decrease FSH), create blood-testis barrier
51
What is human placental lactogen
It is hormone produced by the placenta, that breaks down fats from the mother to provide fuel for the the growing baby.
52
After the implantation of the zygote which hormone prevents luteolysis?
Human chorionic gonadotrophin
53
During pregnancy is the placenta an endocrine or exocrine organ.
Endocrine
54
Which hormone turns inhibin off
Gonadotrophin production by short loop in the anterior pituitary and long loop in the hypothalamus
55
What are the three estrogens
Estradiol-17beta, estrone and estriol
56
Which gonadotrophin stimulates the interstitial cells in the male
LH
57
In what response does the anterior pituitary produce gonadotrophins
In response to hypothalamic gonadotrophin- releasing hormone.

Anatomy and Physiology 2 (3 decks)

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