Reproductive System Flashcards
Human life cycle:
Mitosis, meiosis, diploid, haploid, zygote, fertilization, gametes.
Male reproductive system:
testes, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra.
Testes:
male gonads
Scrotum:
sac that contains the paired testes
Epididymis
where the sperm matures
Vas deferens:
conduct and store sperm.
Urethra
carries out sperm
Sertoli cells will:
support and regulate spermatogenesis.
Interstitial cells:
secrete the male androgens.
Hormonal control and regulation in males:
FSH, LH, GnRH, testosterone, inhibin (gonadal hormone that inhibits secretion of FSH)
Female reproductive system:
Ovaries, eggs, estrogen, progesterone, uterine tubes, uterus.
What produces estrogen?
ovaries
Uterine tubes extend from and conduct:
uterus to ovaries and eggs
Implantation:
embryo embeds in the uterine lining. signals the beginning of a pregnancy.
Uterus:
houses developing fetus
Cervix:
contains opening to uterus
Pap test:
removal of a few cells from the cervix for microscopic examination.
Hysterectomy:
Surgical removal of the uterus
Hymen
tissue locating at the opening of the vagina to let out menstrual blood.
Endometrium:
lining of the uterus.
Ovarian cycle:
- primary follicle begins producing estrogen
- secondary follicle produces estrogen and some progesterone.
- vesicular follicle develops.
- ovulation: secondary oocyte is released.
- corpus luteum produces progesterone and some estrogen.
- corpus luteum degenerates.
Female hormones during the ovarian and uterine cycles:
FSH, LH, GnRH, progesterone, estrogen, testosterone.
Lucteal phase:
LH promotes the development of corpus luteum.
What are the levels of estrogen and progesterone during menstruation>
low
What happens to estrogen levels during proliferative phase?
increase
What happens to progesterone during secretory phase?
increase of progesterone by corpus luteum.
How many days does the follicular phase last?
1-13
What day of the ovarian cycle does ovulation occur?
day 14
What days of the ovarian cycle does the lucteal phase happen?
days 15 to 28.
Once a zygote is made of many cells, what is ti called?
embryo
What does the placenta do?
sustain the developing embryo.
Zygotes traveling down the uterine tube begins:
mitosis
Which hormone maintains the uterine lining?
progesterone
What do rising amounts of human chorionic gonadotropin stimulate?
the corpus luteum to produce increasing amounts of progesterone.
What recieves the developing embryo?
the endometrium.
