Reproductive/ GU Flashcards
What structure releases estrogen and progesterone during a female reproductive cycle?
corpus luteum
When is hCG emitted?
At the start of pregnancy
What does FSH do in males?
initiates development of sperm in the testes
What does LH do in males?
regulates testosterone production
What helps immature sperm mature?
testosterone
What hormone is responsible for male pattern baldness?
dihydrotestosterone in the testes
What does estrogen hormone replacement therapy do?
relieves hot flashes, (vasomotor symptoms) and prevents atrophy of vulva and vagina, and bone loss
What does estrogen hormone replacement therapy increase the risk for?
thromboembolic disorder, especially in smokers
What vitals should you check for women taking oral contraceptives?
BP because antiotensin and aldosterone can increase it
Progesterone increases the risk for what?
invasive breast cancer in relation to the dose and duration of the therapy
What is endometrial hyperplasia?
overgrowth of tissue in the lining of the uterus or the enometrium
What is endometriosis?
a disorder in which the tissue from the endometrium extends and implants outside the uterus in the surrounding areas such as the ovaries, rectum, or outer wall of the uterus
What is a drug to treat endometriosis and advanced prostate cancer?
GnRH
What is a woman at risk for if they take GnRH?
osteoporosis if they take it long term and have a family history of it
What are some drug therapies for infertility
LH and FSH stimulants- clomiphene (Clomid)
Ovulation stimulant - hCG (Pregnyl)
Antihyperprolactinemia/Dopamine Agonist- cabergoline, bromocriptine (Parlodel)
What drug is used o stimulate the uterus to enhance or induce labor?
oxytocin (Pitocin)
What drug treats and prevents hemorrhage during and after labor?
ergot alkaloids
methylergonovine (Methergine)
What drug can you administer for premature fetal lungs?
glucocorticoids will accelerate fetal lung maturiity
What does testosterone do men and what about women?
men: male hypogonadism, delayed puberty and testicular failure
women: breast cancer because it antagonizes effects of estrogen in estrogen-dependent cancers.
What are some therapies for benign prostatic hypertrophy?
5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor
Alpha-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists
What are drugs to treat overactive bladder/urinary incontinence?
Anticholinergics which stimulates the muscarinic receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system.
What are drugs to treat urinary retention?
cholinergics
