Reproductive changes in Male Flashcards

1
Q

What does the testes consist of ?

A

Seminiferous tubule, production of sperm

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2
Q

What does the seminiferous carry ?

A

Gamate

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3
Q

What is Gamate in the male ?

A

Sperm

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4
Q

Where is the sperm produced ?

A

Sertoli cells and stored in the epidydymis, then it travels from scrotum to the perineal area called Vas deference( long tube)

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5
Q

What is Rete testis ?

A

It is the collection point, which carries sperm from the seminiferous tubeles to the efferent duct

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6
Q

Where are the sperms deposited or stored ?

A

in the epidydymis for maturation

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7
Q

if the testes are not desces in boy babies, what can be done ?

A

Ultrasound

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8
Q

Function of lidwick cells ?

A

To produce the Male hormone called testostorone

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9
Q

What is sertoli cells ?

A

production of sperm

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10
Q

What is acrosome ?

A

It covers the head of the sperm and contain enzymes to help with penetration

Like a CAP

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11
Q

What are the enzymes that acrosome carry?

A

Hyaluronidase and acrosin

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12
Q

How many chromososme does the nucles carry out ?

A

23

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13
Q

What does the neck contain that help to make the rest of the tail that is required for the movement?

A

The neck contain centrioles that forms microtubeles that help to make the rest of the tail for movement

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14
Q

What does the middle portion contain ?

A

It contain mitochondria that make ATP for locomotion of the sperm

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15
Q

What are the two pieces that the tail is made up of for movement?

A

Priniclpe piece and End piece

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16
Q

What is the function of tail ?

A

Motility, allow the sperm to move forward

17
Q

What is the function of mitochondria in the sperm?

A

For the sperm to reach the cervix, uterus and fallopian tube, it requires energy and the energy comes from ATP which is produced by the mitochondria

18
Q

What is the production of sperm called?

How long the process can take upto?

A

Spermatogensis

65-75 days depend on the individual

19
Q

What are the stages of production of gamates consist of ?

A

It consist of 6 stages such as
A spermatogonium
B spermatogonium
Primary Spermatocyte = spermatocyte order 1
Secondary Spermatocyet = spermatocyte order 2
Spermatid
Sperm cell = Spermatazoon

20
Q

How much does the fertile men ejaculate ?

A

about 2.5 ml- 3.5 ml which is about 60-80 million active sperms

21
Q

What is the requirement to confirm infertile men?

A

If their sperm count is less than < 20 million/ml

22
Q

What are the other things that would make the person infertile ?

A
  • Opioids may affect the fertility and the mobility
  • When the FSH is not sufficient
  • When the GH is not sufficient and has not stimulated enough FSH
23
Q

What are the facts about steroli cells?

A

It is Large cell with tight barrier

Production of sperm cells

equalent to female granulosa cells

Stimulated by FSH and testestorone

24
Q

What does the steroli cells inhibit ?

A

It inhibits GnRH and FSH to decrease sperm production

25
What are the facts about Leydig cells?
Equivalent to female theca cells It targets LH Secrete Testestorone 6mg per day
26
what does the Leydig cells produce and inhibit ?
Produce Beta (B) endorphins and inhibit effect on the Sertoli cells
27
What is production of Sperm called ?
Spermatogenesis / spermogenesis
28
What is the production of ovary called ?
Oogenesis
29
What are the control of GnRH, FSH and LH ?
There are 2 pathways of negative feedback which control the male hypothalamic pituatory axis in the male
30
What are the 2 pathways of neg feedback in the male ?
1. Within Testis 2. HPG axis (inhibition)
31
What are the origins of male reproductive ?
1. Hypothalamus 2. Anterior Pituatory
32
What is the hormone that hypothalamus release ?
GnRH
33
How does the GnRH gets release ?
Pulsatile form
34
what does the anterior pituatory hormone release ?
FSH
35
Which hormone does the sertoli cells produce sperm?
FSH
36
Which hormone does the Lydig cells produce ?
LH
37
What is the hardest structure on the outside of the ovum called?
Zona Pellucida ( a very tough structure)
38
which part of the sperm help with penetration ?
Acrosomes