Reproductive and sexual health Flashcards
Sex assigned at birth is generally determined at the moment of conception
INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT
stage of life at which secondary sex changes begin
PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT
body organ that produces the cells necessary for reproduction
Gonad
Gonad females
ovary
Gonad male
testes
define gonad
body organ that produces the cells necessary for reproduction
INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT
these tissue have already been formed that will serve as gonads of male and female
➜mesonephric duct (males) and
➜paramesonephric duct (females)
what happens at week 5 of INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT
➜mesonephric duct (males) and ➜paramesonephric duct (females)
✅ the tissue that will become ovaries and testes =have already formed.
what happens at week 7 or 8 of INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT to chromosomal males
begins formation of testosterone
under the influence of testosterone what happens to the mesonephric duct and paramesonephric duct
the mesonephric duct develops into male reproductive organs and the paramesonephric duct regresses.
If testosterone is not present by week 10
the paramesonephric duct becomes dominant and develops into female reproductive organs.
When ovaries form what will happen?
oocytes (cells that will develop into eggs throughout the woman’s mature years) are already present
what happens at week 12 of INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT
external genitals begin to develop.
what happens at week 12 of INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT males
✅penile tissue elongates
✅ ventral surface of the penis closes to form a urethra.
what happens at week 12 of INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT females
ith no testosterone present
✅the uterus
✅labia minora
✅labia majora form
what happens in pubertal development
➜Hypothalamus synthesizes and releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), ➜which then triggers the anterior pituitary to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
give 3 roles of androgen
✅muscular development,
✅physical growth
✅increase in sebaceous gland secretions that cause typical acne in both boys and girls during adolescence
when is androgen low in males
low in males until puberty (ages 12 -14 years)
what happens when androgen rises in males
5
- pubertal changes: ✅testes ✅scrotum ✅penis ✅prostate ✅seminal vesicles
- the appearance of male pubic, axillary, and facial hair
- laryngeal enlargement with its accompanying voice change
- maturation of spermatozoa
- (adrenarche)
what happens when androgen rises in females
testosterone influences
✅enlargement of the labia majora and clitoris
✅formation of axillary and pubic hair.
role of estrogen (5)
➜ influences the development of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and vagina
➜ typical female fat distribution
➜ hair pattern
➜ breast development (thelarche)
➜closes the epiphyses of long bones in girls
hormones produced by ovaries responsible for sexual development
-estrone
hormones produced by ovaries responsible for maturity and maintenance of reproductive organs (menstruation)
-estradiol
hormones produced by ovaries responsible for uterus growth that prepares the process of delivery
estriol
give the 7 sequential order of Secondary sex characteristics for girls
1.Growth Spurt
2.Increase in the transverse diameter of the pelvis
3.Breast Development (Thelarche)
4. Growth of pubic hair (Adrenarche)
5.Onset of menstruation
➜(Menarche 12.5 y/o average)
➜ Ovulation occurs 1-2 years after menarche
6. Growth of Axillary Hair (Adrenarche)
7. Vaginal Secretions
give the 7 sequential order of Secondary sex characteristics for boys
- Increase in weight
- Growth of testes
- Growth of face, axillary, and pubic hair
- Voice changes
- Penile Growth
- Increase in height
- Spermatogenesis (production of sperm)
(Thelarche)
Breast Development
(Adrenarche)
the appearance of pubic, axillary, and facial hair
(production of sperm)
Spermatogenesis
Ovulation occurs
1-2 years after menarche
