Genetic Counseling Flashcards
inherited or genetic disorders can be passed from one generation to the next
Genetic Disorders
study of why disorders occurs
Genetics
how many chromosomes does each cell contain? with the exception of the sperm and ovum
contains 46 chromosomes
44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes
sex chromosome of male
46 XX female
sex chromosome of female
46 XY male
Basic units of heredity; structures responsible for hereditary characteristics
Genes
May or may not be expressed or passed to the next generation
Genes
describe Mendel’s Law
One gene for each hereditary property is received from each parent;
one is dominant (expressed);
one is recessive
Transmission of genetic character from parents to the offspring.
Heredity
process of how information is passed down from one generation to the next
Inheritance:
what is a karyotype and what does it include?
chromosomal pattern of a cell
- genotype,
- number of chromosomes
- normality or abnormality of the chromosomes
actual gene composition
Genotype
sequence and combination of genes on a chromosome
Genotype
unique make up of individual
Genotype
individual genes or alleles
Genotype
outward appearance or observable expression of genes
Phenotype
physical characteristic of individual
Phenotype
give examples of phenotype
✅hair color
✅eye color
✅body build
✅allergies
differentiate congenital to genetic
Congenital➜ present at birth because of abnormal development in utero
Genetic ➜pertains to genes or chromosomes;
➜some genetic disorders may be noticeable
at birth and others may not appear for decade
present at birth because of abnormal development in utero
Congenital
➜pertains to genes or chromosomes;
➜some genetic disorders may be noticeable
at birth and others may not appear for decade
Genetic
True or false
-principles of the genetic inheritance of diseases has the same mechanism of genetic inheritance for physical characteristics such as eye or hair color
true
person who has 2 like genes for a trait
Homozygous
example of Homozygous
blue eyes: 1 from mother and 1 from father
genes differ
Heterozygous
examples of Heterozygous
1 gene for blue eyes: mother,
1 gene for brown eyes: father
differentiate dominant and recessive
Dominant➜ overrules the other allele
Recessive➜ type of allele that will not manifest in the individual
