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NCM 107 MCN > Psychological and physiological changes in Pregnancy > Flashcards

Psychological and physiological changes in Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

give 4 PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF PREGNANCY

A

 Cultural Influences
 Social influences
 Family influences
 Individual Influences

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2
Q

view pregnancy as a time of health.

EBP caused complications of pregnancy

A

Social Influences

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3
Q

give examples of

Cultural Influences

A

➜beliefs that lifting your arms over your head will cause the cord to twist
➜ that watching a lunar eclipse will cause birth deformities

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4
Q

supporting beliefs, tradition, and culture

A

Cultural Influences

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5
Q

how can a woman have positive attitude toward her pregnancy

A

If she and her siblings were loved and seen as the pleasant outcome of a happy marriage

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6
Q

she will not be overjoyed to find herself pregnant if all she has heard

A

stories about excruciating pain and endless suffering in labor

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7
Q

when will a woman have difficulty loving and accepting fetus

A

If a woman has difficulty loving others because she did not receive love as a child,

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8
Q

A woman’s ability to cope with or adapt to stress plays a major role in how she will resolve conflict and adapt to the new life contingencies that are coming.

A

Individual Influences

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9
Q

ability to cope with or adapt to stress plays a major role in how she will

A

resolve conflict and adapt to the new life contingencies that are coming.

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10
Q

examples of Individual Influences

A

taking away her freedom.

she will lose her looks.

rob her financially and ruin her chances of job promotion

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11
Q

Woman and partner both spend time recovering from shock of learning they are pregnant and concentrate on what it feels like to be pregnant. A common reaction is ambivalence, or feeling both pleased and not pleased about
the pregnancy

A

First Trimester Task: Accepting

the pregnancy

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12
Q

A common reaction in First Trimester Task: Accepting

the pregnancy

A

ambivalence

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13
Q

what is ambivalence

A

feeling both pleased and not pleased about

the pregnancy.

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14
Q

Woman and partner move through emotions such as narcissism and introversion as they concentrate on what it will feel like to be a parent. Roleplaying and increased
dreaming are common

A

Second Trimester Task: Accepting

the baby

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15
Q

what is common in Second Trimester Task: Accepting

the baby

A

Roleplaying and increased

dreaming are common.

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16
Q

Woman and partner the baby and end of pregnancy
prepare clothing and
sleeping arrangements for the baby but also grow impatient with pregnancy as they ready themselves for
birth.

A

Third Trimester

Task: Preparing for the baby and end of pregnancy

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17
Q

when does anticipation and concern related to fears and fantasies about the pregnancy occur?

A

First Trimester: Accepting the Pregnancy

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18
Q

usually increased maternal feelings of physical and emotional well-being

A

Second trimester - ACCEPTING THE BABY

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19
Q

mother is often described as self-absorbed and introverted

A

Second trimester - ACCEPTING THE BABY

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20
Q

the first moment a woman feels fetal movement.

A

Quickening

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21
Q

what would happen until the woman experiences for herself this quickening or proof of the child’s existence

A

she may think of the life inside her as an integral part of herself rather than as a separate entity

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22
Q

how to accept the baby?

A

Quickening

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23
Q

when will the baby be welcomed as an addition to the family?

A

until labor has begun or after several hours of labor

the moment a woman first
hears her baby’s cry or first touches or feeds her newborn

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24
Q

possible new fears related to labor and delivery

A

Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood

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25
Q

fantasies about the appearance of the baby

A

Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood

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26
Q

feelings of awkwardness, clumsiness

A

Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood

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27
Q

decreased femininity related to changes in

body image

A

Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood

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28
Q

examples of “nestbuilding” activities

A
  • planning the infant’s sleeping arrangements
  • buying clothes,
  • choosing a name for the infant,
  • “ensuring safe passage” by learning about birth.
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29
Q

what is the couple interested in at Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood?

A

attending prenatal classes or preparation for childbirth classes

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30
Q

Give 10 Emotional Responses

A
  1. Ambivalence
  2. Grief
  3. Narcissism
  4. Introversion Versus Extroversion
  5. Body Image and Boundary
  6. Stress
  7. Couvade Syndrome
  8. Emotional Lability
  9. Changes in Sexual Desire
  10. Changes in the Expectant Family
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31
Q

-feeling both pleased and not pleased about

the pregnancy

A

Ambivalence

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32
Q

-before a woman can take on a mothering role, she has to give up or alter her present roles.
✅She will never be a daughter in exactly the same way again.
✅She will never be as irresponsible and carefree as she is now again.
✅She will not even sleep soundly for the next 18 years.

A

Grief

33
Q

generally an early reaction to pregnancy.

A

Narcissism

34
Q

suddenly begins to concentrate on these aspects of her life:

  • A woman who previously was barely conscious of her body
  • who dressed in the morning with little thought about what to wear,
  • who was unconcerned about her posture or her weight
A

Narcissism

35
Q 
She may resent casual remarks such as, 
“Oh my, you’ve gained weight” 
=(a threat to her appearance)
“You don’t like milk?”
 =(a threat to her judgment).
A

Narcissism

36
Q

turning inward to concentrate on oneself and one’s body

A

Introversion

37
Q

become more active, appear healthier than ever before and are more outgoing

A

extroverted

38
Q

the way your body appears to yourself

A

Body image

39
Q

a zone of separation you perceive between yourself and objects or other people

A

-boundary

40
Q

she begins to see herself becoming “bigger”

-This change in body image is part of the basis for?

A

narcissism and introversion

41
Q

experience physical symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and backache to the same degree or even more intensely than their partners during a pregnancy

A

Couvade Syndrome

42
Q

Why does Couvade Syndrome happen?

A

result from stress, anxiety, and empathy for the pregnant woman

43
Q

-Mood changes

A

Emotional Lability

44
Q

Most parents are aware that their older children need preparation when a new baby is on the way

A

Changes in the Expectant Family

45
Q

-Both preschool and school-age children may need to be reassured periodically during pregnancy that a new baby will be an addition to the family and will not replace them in their parents’ affection.

A

Changes in the Expectant Family

46
Q

3 DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY

A

A.Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy

B.Probable Signs of Pregnancy

C.Positive Signs of Pregnancy

47
Q

➜ discussed in connection with the body system in which they occur,
➜are experienced by the woman but cannot be documented by an examiner

A

Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy

48
Q

➜subjective

➜coming from the px

A

Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy

49
Q

11 Probable Signs of Pregnancy

A
  1. Laboratory Tests
  2. Home Pregnancy Tests
  3. Chadwick’s sign ( 6th week )
  4. Goodell’s sign ( 6th week )
  5. Hegar’s sign ( 6th week )
  6. Ballottement ( 16th week )
  7. Braxton Hicks contractions ( 20th week )
  8. Fetal outline felt by examiner ( 20th week )
  9. Uterine souffle
  10. Sonographic Evidence
  11. Pregnancy test
50
Q

Tests of blood serum reveal the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG)
(1st week)

A

Serum laboratory tests

51
Q

Color change of the vagina from

pink to violet

A

Chadwick’s sign

52
Q

Softening of the cervix

A

Goodell’s sign

53
Q

Softening of the lower uterine segment

A

Hegar’s sign

54
Q

uses 1 finger= presses symphysis pubis = fetus floats from amniotic fluid

A

Ballottement

55
Q

➜Periodic uterine tightening occurs.

➜”false labor pains”

A

Braxton Hicks contractions

56
Q

Fetal outline can be palpated through abdomen.

A

Fetal outline felt by examiner

57
Q

swishing sounds instead of fetal heart rate

A

Uterine souffle

58
Q

gestational sacking develops

A

Sonographic Evidence

59
Q

3 Positive Signs of Pregnancy

A
  1. Fetal Heart
  2. Fetal Movements
  3. Visualization of Fetus by Ultrasound
60
Q

uterine growth is due to formation of

A

few new muscle fibers in the uterine myometrium

61
Q

why does the uterus increase in size

A

accommodate the growing fetus

62
Q

changes in size, structure, and position to become a thin-walled, muscular abdominal organ capable of containing the fetus, placenta, and amniotic fluid

A

A.Uterine Changes

63
Q

➜the fetal head settles into the pelvis to prepare for birth, and the uterus returns to the height it was at 36 weeks
➜woman’s breathing is so much easier it seems to lighten a woman’s load

A

Lightening

64
Q

describe what happens in Lightening

A

➜the fetal head settles into the pelvis to prepare for birth, and the uterus returns to the height it was at 36 weeks
➜woman’s breathing is so much easier it seems to lighten a woman’s load

65
Q

probable signs of pregnancy in uterine changes

A

Hegar’s sign
ballottement
Braxton Hicks contractions

66
Q

extreme softening of the lower uterine segment

A

Hegar’s sign

67
Q

ballottement occurs when?

A

16th to 20th week of pregnancy

68
Q

lower uterine segment is tapped sharply by the lower hand, the fetus can be felt to bounce or rise in the amniotic fluid up against the top examining hand.

A

ballottement-

69
Q

Braxton Hicks contractions occurs when?

A

12th week

70
Q

absence of menstruation

A

B.Amenorrhea

71
Q

how does Amenorrhea occur?

A

because of the suppression of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by rising estrogen levels.

72
Q

describe 2 changes that happens in the cervix during pregnancy

A

➜Increased fluid between cells causes it to soften in consistency
➜increased vascularity causes it to darken from a pale pink to a violet hue.

73
Q

mucous plug

A

operculum

74
Q

what does an operculum do?

A

acts to seal out bacteria during pregnancy and therefore helps prevent infection in the fetus and membranes

75
Q

probable sign in cervical changes

A

Goodell’s sign–Softening of the cervix in pregnancy

76
Q

consistency of nonpregnant cervix

A

nose

77
Q

consistency of pregnant cervix

A

earlobe

78
Q

Cervical Changes Increased friability

A

bleeds easily after Pap smear and intercourse

NCM 107 MCN (12 decks)

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