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MBBS / MBChB finals > Reproductive Anatomy > Flashcards

Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve supply of the vulva

A

Pudendal nerve gives branches of inferior rectal branch, divides into perineal nerve and dorsal nerve of the clitoris. Perineal nerve = sensory to the vulva. Dorsal nerve of clitoris = sensory. Sensation from the mons passes via the ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves.

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2
Q

What and where is the squamocolumnar junction?

A

Junction between ectocervix and endocervix. Exterior = squamous epithelium. Interior = columnar epithelium

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3
Q

What is the transformation zone of the cervix?

A

The area where the columnar epithelium has under gone metaplasia to become squamous epithelium.

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4
Q

What is uterine didelphys?

A

Uterine malformation where the uterus is paired. Due to failure of fusion of Müllerian ducts

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5
Q

Cause of uterine didelphys

A

Failure of fusion of the Müllerian duct. Causes double uterine body, cervix and vagina

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6
Q

What % of women have a retroverted uterus?

A

20%

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7
Q

What is the Manchester operation a correction for?

A

Retroverted uterus

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8
Q

In early pregnancy what action should be taken if the uterus is retroverted?

A

None

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9
Q

What are the options for correction of a retroverted uterus?

A

Gilliam’s ventrosuspension (laparoscopic) Hodge pessary Manchester procedure

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10
Q

What are he ovarian arteries a branch of

A

Direct branch of abdominal aorta

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11
Q

What vessel does the right ovarian vein drain into

A

Inferior vena cava

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12
Q

What vessel does the left ovarian vein drain into

A

Left renal vein then the IVC

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13
Q

What lymph group does the vulva drain to

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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14
Q

To what lymph group does the cervix drain to

A

Internal iliac

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15
Q

To what lymph group does the majority of the breast drain to

A

Pectoral group of axillary lymph nodes

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16
Q

What is the uterine artery a branch off?

A

Anterior trunk of the Internal iliac artery.

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17
Q

Relation of the uterine artery to the broad ligament and ureter

A

Lies in the base of the braid ligament. Crosses anterior to the ureter

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18
Q

Where does lymph from the Fallopian tube drain to?

A

Para-aortic nodes

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19
Q

What is the effect of vaginal doderleins bacteria

A

Lower vaginal PH

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20
Q

Shape of external cervical os

A

In primips = circular Multips= slit

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21
Q

What structures prevent prolapse of the uterus and vagina

A

Uterosacral ligaments Cardinal ligaments Levator ani muscles

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22
Q

What is the cervix composed of

A

Fibrous tissue

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23
Q

Length of vagina

A

6-7.5cm anteriorly 9cm posteriorly

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24
Q

What type of epithelium lines the vagina

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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25
Venous drainage of the vagina
Vaginal plexus With vaginal vein to internal iliac vein or uterine vein
26
Arterial supply of the vagina
Vaginal artery and anastomoses with the uterine artery superiorly
27
Nerve supply of the vagina
Lower part = pudendal nerve, inferior hypogastic and uterovaginal plexuses
28
Branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery
Umbilical Obturator Inferior vesical Middle rectal Internal pudendal Inferior gluteal Uterine Vaginal
29
Ovarian arteries are branches from where
Direct branch off abdominal aorta
30
Venous drainage of the right ovary
Direct into inferior Vena cava
31
Venus drainage of the left ovary
Left renal vein into inferior Vena cava
32
Which embryological structure is the round ligament of the uterus derived from
Gubernaculum
33
Lymph drainage of base of cervix
Internal iliac lymph nodes
34
Lymphatic drainage of the distal rectum
Internal iliac nodes
35
Branches of the pudendal nerve
Inferior rectal nerves Dorsal nerve of the penis / clitoris Perineal nerve
36
Sensory supply of the perineum
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve.
37
To which lymph nodes does lymph from the scrotum and penis first pass?
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
38
Duration for spermatogenesis
70-75 days
39
What hormone controls spermatogenesis
FSH (Testosterone)
40
What do leydig cells produce
Testosterone
41
What is the ductus arteriosus
Connection between the pulmonary artery and descending aorta
42
What substance keeps the ductus arteriosus patent during pregnancy
Prostaglandin E2
43
How many umbilical arteries and veins
2 arteries 1 vein
44
What does the ductus venosus do
Connects left umbilical vein with upper inferior vena cava
45
Where does the foramen ovale connect
Connects right and left atria
46
What does the embryo have by 4 weeks
Closed neural tube Primitive heart Gill arches 0.5 cm long
47
At what gestation do limb buds develop
8 weeks
48
Average length of the newborn in the UK in cm
50 CM
49
Average weight of a newborn in the UK in KG
3.5 KG
50
Average head circumference of a new born in the UK in CM
35 CM
51
Where is the metopic suture
Between the 2 frontal bones
52
Where is the Sagittal suture
Separates the parietal bones Extends from anterior fontanelle to posterior fontanelle
53
Where is the Sagittal suture
Separates the parietal bones Extends from anterior fontanelle to posterior fontanelle
54
Where is the metopic suture
Between the 2 frontal bones
55
Average head circumference of a new born in the UK in CM
35 CM
56
Average weight of a newborn in the UK in KG
3.5 KG
57
Average length of the newborn in the UK in cm
50 CM
58
At what gestation do limb buds develop
8 weeks
59
What does the embryo have by 4 weeks
Closed neural tube Primitive heart Gill arches 0.5 cm long
60
Where does the foramen ovale connect
Connects right and left atria
61
What does the ductus venosus do
Connects left umbilical vein with upper inferior vena cava
62
How many umbilical arteries and veins
2 arteries 1 vein
63
What substance keeps the ductus arteriosus patent during pregnancy
Prostaglandin E2
64
What is the ductus arteriosus
Connection between the pulmonary artery and descending aorta

MBBS / MBChB finals (25 decks)

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