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MBBS / MBChB finals > Reproductive Anatomy > Flashcards

Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve supply of the vulva

A

Pudendal nerve gives branches of inferior rectal branch, divides into perineal nerve and dorsal nerve of the clitoris. Perineal nerve = sensory to the vulva. Dorsal nerve of clitoris = sensory. Sensation from the mons passes via the ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves.

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2
Q

What and where is the squamocolumnar junction?

A

Junction between ectocervix and endocervix. Exterior = squamous epithelium. Interior = columnar epithelium

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3
Q

What is the transformation zone of the cervix?

A

The area where the columnar epithelium has under gone metaplasia to become squamous epithelium.

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4
Q

What is uterine didelphys?

A

Uterine malformation where the uterus is paired. Due to failure of fusion of Müllerian ducts

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5
Q

Cause of uterine didelphys

A

Failure of fusion of the Müllerian duct. Causes double uterine body, cervix and vagina

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6
Q

What % of women have a retroverted uterus?

A

20%

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7
Q

What is the Manchester operation a correction for?

A

Retroverted uterus

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8
Q

In early pregnancy what action should be taken if the uterus is retroverted?

A

None

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9
Q

What are the options for correction of a retroverted uterus?

A

Gilliam’s ventrosuspension (laparoscopic) Hodge pessary Manchester procedure

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10
Q

What are he ovarian arteries a branch of

A

Direct branch of abdominal aorta

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11
Q

What vessel does the right ovarian vein drain into

A

Inferior vena cava

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12
Q

What vessel does the left ovarian vein drain into

A

Left renal vein then the IVC

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13
Q

What lymph group does the vulva drain to

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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14
Q

To what lymph group does the cervix drain to

A

Internal iliac

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15
Q

To what lymph group does the majority of the breast drain to

A

Pectoral group of axillary lymph nodes

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16
Q

What is the uterine artery a branch off?

A

Anterior trunk of the Internal iliac artery.

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17
Q

Relation of the uterine artery to the broad ligament and ureter

A

Lies in the base of the braid ligament. Crosses anterior to the ureter

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18
Q

Where does lymph from the Fallopian tube drain to?

A

Para-aortic nodes

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19
Q

What is the effect of vaginal doderleins bacteria

A

Lower vaginal PH

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20
Q

Shape of external cervical os

A

In primips = circular Multips= slit

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21
Q

What structures prevent prolapse of the uterus and vagina

A

Uterosacral ligaments Cardinal ligaments Levator ani muscles

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22
Q

What is the cervix composed of

A

Fibrous tissue

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23
Q

Length of vagina

A

6-7.5cm anteriorly 9cm posteriorly

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24
Q

What type of epithelium lines the vagina

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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25
Q

Venous drainage of the vagina

A

Vaginal plexus With vaginal vein to internal iliac vein or uterine vein

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26
Q

Arterial supply of the vagina

A

Vaginal artery and anastomoses with the uterine artery superiorly

27
Q

Nerve supply of the vagina

A

Lower part = pudendal nerve, inferior hypogastic and uterovaginal plexuses

28
Q

Branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery

A

Umbilical Obturator Inferior vesical Middle rectal Internal pudendal Inferior gluteal Uterine Vaginal

29
Q

Ovarian arteries are branches from where

A

Direct branch off abdominal aorta

30
Q

Venous drainage of the right ovary

A

Direct into inferior Vena cava

31
Q

Venus drainage of the left ovary

A

Left renal vein into inferior Vena cava

32
Q

Which embryological structure is the round ligament of the uterus derived from

A

Gubernaculum

33
Q

Lymph drainage of base of cervix

A

Internal iliac lymph nodes

34
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the distal rectum

A

Internal iliac nodes

35
Q

Branches of the pudendal nerve

A

Inferior rectal nerves Dorsal nerve of the penis / clitoris Perineal nerve

36
Q

Sensory supply of the perineum

A

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve.

37
Q

To which lymph nodes does lymph from the scrotum and penis first pass?

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

38
Q

Duration for spermatogenesis

A

70-75 days

39
Q

What hormone controls spermatogenesis

A

FSH (Testosterone)

40
Q

What do leydig cells produce

A

Testosterone

41
Q

What is the ductus arteriosus

A

Connection between the pulmonary artery and descending aorta

42
Q

What substance keeps the ductus arteriosus patent during pregnancy

A

Prostaglandin E2

43
Q

How many umbilical arteries and veins

A

2 arteries 1 vein

44
Q

What does the ductus venosus do

A

Connects left umbilical vein with upper inferior vena cava

45
Q

Where does the foramen ovale connect

A

Connects right and left atria

46
Q

What does the embryo have by 4 weeks

A

Closed neural tube Primitive heart Gill arches 0.5 cm long

47
Q

At what gestation do limb buds develop

A

8 weeks

48
Q

Average length of the newborn in the UK in cm

A

50 CM

49
Q

Average weight of a newborn in the UK in KG

A

3.5 KG

50
Q

Average head circumference of a new born in the UK in CM

A

35 CM

51
Q

Where is the metopic suture

A

Between the 2 frontal bones

52
Q

Where is the Sagittal suture

A

Separates the parietal bones Extends from anterior fontanelle to posterior fontanelle

53
Q

Where is the Sagittal suture

A

Separates the parietal bones Extends from anterior fontanelle to posterior fontanelle

54
Q

Where is the metopic suture

A

Between the 2 frontal bones

55
Q

Average head circumference of a new born in the UK in CM

A

35 CM

56
Q

Average weight of a newborn in the UK in KG

A

3.5 KG

57
Q

Average length of the newborn in the UK in cm

A

50 CM

58
Q

At what gestation do limb buds develop

A

8 weeks

59
Q

What does the embryo have by 4 weeks

A

Closed neural tube Primitive heart Gill arches 0.5 cm long

60
Q

Where does the foramen ovale connect

A

Connects right and left atria

61
Q

What does the ductus venosus do

A

Connects left umbilical vein with upper inferior vena cava

62
Q

How many umbilical arteries and veins

A

2 arteries 1 vein

63
Q

What substance keeps the ductus arteriosus patent during pregnancy

A

Prostaglandin E2

64
Q

What is the ductus arteriosus

A

Connection between the pulmonary artery and descending aorta

MBBS / MBChB finals (25 decks)

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