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MBBS / MBChB finals > General Anatomy > Flashcards

General Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Superior mesenteric artery pierces what organ?

A

Superior mesenteric artery pierces the

pancreas

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2
Q

At what level does the aorta cross the diaphragm

A

T12

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3
Q

At what level does the epidural space start?

A

From the foramen magnum To S2 - sacral hiatus

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4
Q

Blood supply of the spleen

A

Splenic, superior and inferior pancreatoduodenal arteries.

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5
Q

Borders of the femoral triangle

A

Lateral border = Medial border of sartorius Superior border = inguinal ligament Medial border = adductor longus

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6
Q

Branches of the femoral artery

A

Descending genicular Profunda femoris Superficial and deep external pudendal arteries Superficial epigastric Superficial circumflex iliac

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7
Q

Clinical effect of injury to the femoral nerve

A

Quadriceps muscle weakness –> weak knee extension. Anterior thigh numbness. Decreased / absent knee jerk

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8
Q

Clinical effect of injury to the sciatic nerve

A

Affects all muscles below the knee. Foot drop, loss of knee flexion. Inability to walk. Loss of ankle jerk Normal knee jerk

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9
Q

Contents of the inguinal canal

A

Spermatic cord or round ligament Ilioinguinal nerve

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10
Q

Dermatome of Supraclavicular Fossa

A

C3

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11
Q

Dermatome supply of anterior upper arm

A

C5

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12
Q

Dermatome supply of level of the nipple

A

T5

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13
Q

Dermatome supply of level of umbilicus

A

T10

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14
Q

Dermatome supply of medial ante-cubital fossa

A

T1

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15
Q

Dermatome supply of the acromio-clavicular joint

A

C4

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16
Q

Dermatome supply of the axilla

A

T2

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17
Q

Dermatome supply of the ischial tuberosity

A

S3

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18
Q

Dermatome supply of the lateral heel

A

S1

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19
Q

Dermatome supply of the little finger

A

C8

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20
Q

Dermatome supply of the medial femoral condyle

A

L3

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21
Q

Dermatome supply of the medial malleolus

A

L4

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22
Q

Dermatome supply of the mid anterior thigh

A

L2

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23
Q

Dermatome supply of the middle finger

A

C7

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24
Q

Dermatome supply of the perianal area

A

S5

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25
Dermatome supply of the popliteal fossa
S2
26
Dermatome supply of the thumb
C6
27
Dermatome supply over the dorsal 3rd MTPJ of the foot
L5
28
Floor of the femoral triangle
Adductor longus Part of adductor brevis Pectineus Iliopsoas
29
Functions of the phrenic nerve
motor to the diaphragm sensory to the fibrous pericardium, mediastinal pleura, and diaphragmatic peritoneum.
30
How many types of pleura are there + what are they called
2 Parietal and visceral
31
Innervation of the diaphragm
Phrenic nerve - C345
32
Insertion of iliacus
Arises from iliac fossa And ASIS
33
Insertion of the diaphragm
Xiphoid cartilage of the sternum, inner surface of the lower 6 ribs Arcuate ligaments posteriorly
34
Insertion of the diaphragm
Xiphoid cartilage of the sternum, inner surface of the lower 6 ribs Arcuate ligaments posteriorly
35
Insertions of psoas major
Deep part - from transverse process of lumbar vertebra 1-5 Superficial part - lateral surfaces of last thoracic vertebrae, L1-5 and discs
36
Insertions of psoas major
Deep part - from transverse process of lumbar vertebra 1-5 Superficial part - lateral surfaces of last thoracic vertebrae, L1-5 and discs
37
Length of the inguinal canal in adults
4cm
38
Length of the inguinal canal in adults
4cm
39
Lymphatic drainage of the bladder
External Iliac nodes Fundus to internal iliac nodes Some to common Iliac and sacral
40
Lymphatic drainage of the bladder
External Iliac nodes Fundus to internal iliac nodes Some to common Iliac and sacral
41
Muscle of ankle dorsiflexion
Tibialis anterior
42
Muscle of ankle dorsiflexion
Tibialis anterior
43
Muscle of eversion of the foot
Peroneus longus
44
Muscle of eversion of the foot
Peroneus longus
45
Muscle of extension of distal phalanx of the big toe
Extensor hallucis longus
46
Muscle of extension of distal phalanx of the big toe
Extensor hallucis longus
47
Muscle of hip flexion
Iliopsoas
48
Muscle of hip flexion
Iliopsoas
49
Muscle of knee extension
Quadriceps
50
Muscle of knee extension
Quadriceps
51
Nerve root control of knee-jerk
L3/4
52
Nerve root control of knee-jerk
L3/4
53
Nerve root of the femoral nerve
L2-4
54
Nerve root of the femoral nerve
L2-4
55
Nerve root of the sciatic nerve
L4-5, S1-3
56
Nerve root of the sciatic nerve
L4-5, S1-3
57
Nerve roots of the phrenic nerve
C3-5
58
Nerve roots of the phrenic nerve
C3-5
59
Position of pancreas in relation to the left kidney
Tail of the pancreas crosses the left kidney anteriorly.
60
Position of pancreas in relation to the left kidney
Tail of the pancreas crosses the left kidney anteriorly.
61
Position of pancreas in relation to the left kidney
Tail of the pancreas crosses the left kidney anteriorly.
62
Position of pancreas in relation to the left kidney
Tail of the pancreas crosses the left kidney anteriorly.
63
Relation of the phrenic nerve to the hilum of the lung
Passes anterior
64
Relation of the phrenic nerve to the hilum of the lung
Passes anterior
65
Signs and symptoms of femoral nerve injury
Weakness of the quadriceps muscle causing weak knee extension Numbness over anterior thigh and medial leg Decreased knee-jerk
66
Signs and symptoms of femoral nerve injury
Weakness of the quadriceps muscle causing weak knee extension Numbness over anterior thigh and medial leg Decreased knee-jerk
67
Signs and symptoms of sciatic nerve damage
Affects all muscles below the knee causing loss of knee flexion, foot drop and inability to walk Loss of ankle jerk Normal knee jerk
68
Signs and symptoms of sciatic nerve damage
Affects all muscles below the knee causing loss of knee flexion, foot drop and inability to walk Loss of ankle jerk Normal knee jerk
69
Symptoms of femoral nerve injury
Weakness of quadriceps muscle - weak knee extension Numbness over anterior thigh / medial Reduced / absent knee jerk
70
Symptoms of femoral nerve injury
Weakness of quadriceps muscle - weak knee extension Numbness over anterior thigh / medial Reduced / absent knee jerk
71
Symptoms of lateral cutaneous nerve injury / compression
Pain - paraesthesia / sensory loss over upper lateral thigh
72
Symptoms of lateral cutaneous nerve injury / compression
Pain - paraesthesia / sensory loss over upper lateral thigh
73
Symptoms of sciatic nerve injury
A complete lesion affects all muscles of the lower limb. Loss of knee flexion, foot drop, inability to walk. Loss of sensation below the knee laterally. Normal knee jerk, loss of ankle jerk.
74
Symptoms of sciatic nerve injury
A complete lesion affects all muscles of the lower limb. Loss of knee flexion, foot drop, inability to walk. Loss of sensation below the knee laterally. Normal knee jerk, loss of ankle jerk.
75
The common bile duct is formed by which 2 ducts
The common hepatic duct and cystic duct combine
76
The common bile duct is formed by which 2 ducts
The common hepatic duct and cystic duct combine
77
The perineal body is the point of attachment for:
Bulbospongiosus Deep transverse perineal muscles External anal sphincter Pubococcygeus Superficial transverse perineal muscles Levator ani
78
The perineal body is the point of attachment for:
Bulbospongiosus Deep transverse perineal muscles External anal sphincter Pubococcygeus Superficial transverse perineal muscles Levator ani
79
The right ureter lies in close relation to what structures
Descending duodenum Right of the IVC Crossed by right colic and iliocolic vessels Uterine artery Suspensory ligament of the ovary
80
The right ureter lies in close relation to what structures
Descending duodenum Right of the IVC Crossed by right colic and iliocolic vessels Uterine artery Suspensory ligament of the ovary
81
To what lymph group does the distal rectum drain to
Internal iliac
82
To what lymph group does the distal rectum drain to
Internal iliac
83
To which group of nodes does lymph from the hallux first pass?
Superficial inguinal
84
To which group of nodes does lymph from the hallux first pass?
Superficial inguinal
85
Venous drainage of the bladder
Internal iliac veins
86
Wh oh muscles are the hip flexors
Iliopsoas Rectus femoris Sartorius Tensor fascia latae
87
What are the 3 cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve
Medial and intermediate cutaneous nerves of the thigh. Saphenous nerve
88
What are the 3 sites of constriction of the ureters
Pelvo-ureteric junction Where ureters cross pelvic brim Vesico-ureteric junction
89
What are the borders of the femoral canal
Anterior - inguinal ligament Posterior - pectineal ligament Medial - lacunar ligament Lateral - femoral vein
90
What are the borders of the femoral canal
Anterior - inguinal ligament Posterior - pectineal ligament Medial - lacunar ligament Lateral - femoral vein
91
What artery pierces the pancreas
Superior mesenteric artery
92
The Middle cerebral artery supplies which surface of the brain?
Middle cerebral artery supplies the **lateral** surface of the brain
93
What blood vessel supplies the lateral surface of the brain
Middle cerebral
94
What does the epidural space contain?
Fat Epidural veins (batsons plexus) Small arteries Lymphatics Spinal nerve roots
95
What does the iliopsoas muscle comprise of?
2 muscles - iliacus and psoas major
96
What does the internal carotid artery divide into
Anterior and middle cerebral arteries
97
What does the thymus develop from
The endoderm of the third pharyngeal pouch
98
What is he blood supply of the pancreas
Splenic artery, superior and infecrior pancreatoduodenal artery
99
What is meralgia paraesthetica
Entrapment neuropathy - lateral cutaneous nerve
100
What is the anal reflex?
Pin prick of perianal skin causes a reflex contraction of external anal sphincter
101
What is the anal reflex?
Pin prick of perianal skin causes a reflex contraction of external anal sphincter
102
What is the diaphragm derived from?
Mesoderm Pleuroperitoneal membranes
103
What is the diaphragm derived from?
Mesoderm Pleuroperitoneal membranes
104
What is the Epiploic foramen
Communicating passage between the greatest sac and the lesser sac of the abdomen
105
What is the Epiploic foramen
Communicating passage between the greatest sac and the lesser sac of the abdomen
106
What is the common hepatic duct formed from?
The left and right hepatic ducts, join to form the common hepatic duct
107
What is the common hepatic duct formed from?
The left and right hepatic ducts, join to form the common hepatic duct
108
What is the nerve root supply for the muscle group of the ankle reflex
S1-2
109
What is the nerve root supply for the muscle group of the ankle reflex
S1-2
110
What is the nerve root supply for the muscle group of the biceps reflex
C5 - 6
111
What is the nerve root supply for the muscle group of the biceps reflex
C5 - 6
112
What is the nerve root supply for the muscle group of the knee reflex
L3 - 4
113
What is the nerve root supply for the muscle group of the knee reflex
L3 - 4
114
What is the pathway of the common bile duct as it descends
It passes posterior to the proximal duodenum. Joins with the pancreatic duct to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla of Varter which empties into the 2nd part of the duodenum. Via the sphincter of Oddi.
115
What is the pathway of the common bile duct as it descends
It passes posterior to the proximal duodenum. Joins with the pancreatic duct to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla of Varter which empties into the 2nd part of the duodenum. Via the sphincter of Oddi.
116
What is the pituitary gland derived from embryologically
Anterior -Ectoderm Posterior- neuroderm
117
What is the pituitary gland derived from embryologically
Anterior -Ectoderm Posterior- neuroderm
118
What is the rectus sheath composed of?
Fibrous condensation of the aponeurotic layers of the anterior abdominal wall
119
What is the rectus sheath composed of?
Fibrous condensation of the aponeurotic layers of the anterior abdominal wall
120
What is the sacrum composed of
5 fused vertebral bodies
121
What is the sacrum composed of
5 fused vertebral bodies
122
What is waldeyers sheath
And the investment of muscles surrounding the ureteral opening in the bladder wall
123
What is waldeyers sheath
And the investment of muscles surrounding the ureteral opening in the bladder wall
124
What joins the bladder to the umbilicus
Remains of the urachus - middle umbilical ligament
125
What joins the bladder to the umbilicus
Remains of the urachus - middle umbilical ligament
126
What level does the aorta cross the diaphragm
T12
127
What level does the aorta cross the diaphragm
T12
128
What lies within the femoral sheath
Femoral artery Femoral vein Lymphatics
129
What lies within the femoral sheath
Femoral artery Femoral vein Lymphatics
130
What makes up the LOAF muscles
Lateral 2 lumbricals Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis flexor pollicis brevis
131
What makes up the LOAF muscles
Lateral 2 lumbricals Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis flexor pollicis brevis
132
What muscle is mainly responsible for knee extension
Quadriceps
133
What muscle is mainly responsible for knee extension
Quadriceps
134
What muscles does the median nerve innervate
LOAF muscles Flexor carpi radialis Pronator teres
135
What muscles does the median nerve innervate
LOAF muscles Flexor carpi radialis Pronator teres
136
What muscles does the radial nerve supply
Triceps, brachioradialis, supinator, abductor pollicis longus
137
What muscles does the radial nerve supply
Triceps, brachioradialis, supinator, abductor pollicis longus
138
What never roots mediates the anal reflex
S3-4
139
What never roots mediates the anal reflex
S3-4
140
What roots supply the pudendal nerve
Anterior rami of S2-4
141
What roots supply the pudendal nerve
Anterior rami of S2-4
142
What separates the female bladder from the anterior surface of the uterus
Vesicouterine excavation
143
What separates the female bladder from the anterior surface of the uterus
Vesicouterine excavation
144
What structure is the pancreas pierced by
Superior mesenteric artery
145
What structure is the pancreas pierced by
Superior mesenteric artery
146
What vessel connects the anterior cerebral arteries
Anterior communicating arteries
147
What vessel connects the anterior cerebral arteries
Anterior communicating arteries
148
What vessel does the right and left vertebral arteries join to form
Basilar arteries
149
What vessel does the right and left vertebral arteries join to form
Basilar arteries
150
What vessels do the posterior communicating arteries connect
Internal carotid arteries and posterior cerebral
151
What vessels do the posterior communicating arteries connect
Internal carotid arteries and posterior cerebral
152
What vessels does the basilar arteries give rise to
Posterior cerebral arteries
153
Where does the femoral artery lie
Midinguinal point
154
Where is the midinguinal point
Midway between symphysis pubis and ASIS
155
Where is the optic chiasm in relation to the pituitary gland
Superior
156
Where is the pituitary gland found
Hypophyseal fossa in the sphenoid bone
157
Which muscles in the lower limb is mainly responsible for ankle dorsiflexion
Tibialis anterior

MBBS / MBChB finals (25 decks)

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