Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards
2 muscles that form the pelvic floor?
Levator Ani
Coccygeus
Scarpa’s fascia is continuous with what fascia? Where does the fascia run?
Continuous with Colles’ fascia - runs around the penis and scrotum
Components of male reproductive system in the pelvis?
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle
Prostate
Urethra (prostatic and membranous)
Where is the seminal vesicle located?
Posterior part of bladder
Components of the male reproductive system in the perineum?
Scrotum
Testis
Epididymis
Spermatic Cord
Urethra (spongy and penile)
Penis
Descent of the testes starts on the ….
Posterior abdominal wall
What structure controls testicular descent?
Gubernaculum
What structure follows the testes as they descend and what does it become?
Processus vaginalis follows the testes as they descend and becomes the tunica vaginalis when they reach the scrotum
As the testes passes through the anterior abdominal wall it gains 3 layers from what?
Transversalis fascia
Muscles fibres from internal oblique muscle
External oblique muscle
What is cryptorchidism?
Failure of the testes to descend properly
Layers of scrotum? (outer to inner)
Skin with dartos muscle
Superficial fascia
3 layers of fascia from abdominal wall
- external spermatic fascia
- cremasteric fascia
- internal spermatic fascia
Function of the dartos muscle?
Contracts to wrinkle and thicken the scrotal skin, reduce surface area of the scrotum and raise the scrotum depending on the temperature
External spermatic fascia arises from what?
External oblique aponeurosis
Cremasteric fascia arises from what?
Internal oblique muscle
Internal spermatic fascia arises from what?
Transversalis facsia
Where are spermatozoa produced in the testes?
Seminiferous tubules
Pathway of spermatozoa from seminiferous tubule?
Seminiferous tubule –> rete testes –> efferent ductules –> epididymis –> vas deferens and through spermatic cord
Contents of the spermatic cord?
3 fascial layers (external spermatic fascia, cremasteric fascia, internal spermatic fascia)
3 arteries (testicular, artery to vas deferens, cremasteric)
3 others (vas deferens, pampiniform plexus, lymphatics)
Nerves (autonomics and nerve to cremaster)
3 fascial layers in the spermatic cord?
External spermatic fascia
Cremasteric fascia
Internal spermatic fascia
3 arteries in the spermatic cord?
Testicular artery
Artery to the vas deferens
Cremasteric artery
Where does the testicular artery arise from?
Abdominal Aorta at around L1
Where do the testicular veins drain to?
Right -> IVC
Left -> left renal vein -> IVC
What is retrograde ejaculation?
ejaculate passes into the bladder and urine instead of out through the external urethral orifice
2 parts of the root of the penis?
Bulb - attached to the perineal membrane
Crura - attached to the ischiopubic ramus
Crura of the penis continues as the corpus …
Corpus cavernosum
Bulb of penis continues as the corpus …
Corpus spongiosum
The … goes back on itself to form the … of the penis?
The bulb goes back on itself to form the glans of the penis
Where does the needle pass through in oocyte retrieval?
Passes through the lateral fornix of the vagina and into the ovary
Possible complications of TV oocyte retrieval?
infection
haemorrhage
3 layers of the wall of the body of the uterus? (outer to inner)
Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium
Where does the ovarian artery arise from?
Abdominal aorta
Where does the uterine artery arise from?
Internal iliac artery
Fertilisation occurs where?
Ampulla of uterine tubes
Implantation occurs where?
Body of the uterus
What is the broad ligament?
A double layer of peritoneum draped over the fallopian tubes
Where does the ovary sit in relation to the broad ligament?
Ovary sits in the posterior wall of the broad ligament
3 anatomical divisions of the broad ligament?
Mesometrium
Mesovarium
Mesosalpinx
What is the suspensory ligament of the ovary?
A fold of peritoneum which extends outwards from the ovary to the lateral abdominal wall
Why are UTIs more common in females than males?
Urethra is shorter in females
3 parts of the clitoris?
Bulbs of vestibule
Crura
Body
Another name for Bartholin’s glands?
Greater vestibular glands
