Reproductive

Question 1

MC breast cancer

Answer 1

Ductal carcinoma (85%)-

Infiltrating Intraductal Carcinoma (IIC) 80%

Question 2

USPSTF guidelines for breast cancer screening in women with average risk factors

Answer 2

Mammo q2yrs at 50-74y/o

Question 3

USPSTF guidelines for mammography screening in a woman with increased risk factors

Answer 3

q2years from age 40 or 10 yrs prior to primary relative dx

Question 4

Recommendations for clinical breast exam screening in women with average risk factors

Answer 4

Clinical breast exam q3 years in women age 20-39 years then annually after age 40

Question 5

tx for galactorrhea caused by pituitary adenoma

Answer 5

dopamine agonist (lowers prolactin):

bromocriptine

or

cabergoline

Question 6

tx for gynecomastia caused by hypogonadism

Answer 6

danazol

Question 7

chronic eczematous itchy, scaling rash on the nipples and areola

Answer 7

Pagets disease of the breast

Question 8

which breast cancer is often bilateral

Answer 8

Infiltrating lobular

Question 9

red swollen, warm and itchy breast often with nipple retraction and peau d’orange (NO LUMP)

Answer 9

Inflammatory Breast Cancer

Question 10

tx options for breast cancer

Answer 10

• Lumpectomy + radiation/chemo
• Anti-estrogen Tamoxifen (ER+)
• Aromatase inhibitors (postmenopausal ER+)
• Monoclonal AB treatment (HER2+)

Question 11

breast cancer prevention in high risk patients

Answer 11

SERM: Tamoxifen or Raloxifene can be used in postmenopausal or women > 35 with high risk – treat for 5 years.

Question 12

what is the most carcinogenic HPV type?

Answer 12

16 (causes 55-60% of all cervical cancers)

18 is next MC

Question 13

which HPV types cause anogenital warts

Answer 13

6 and 11

Question 14

what is a negative about spermicides

Answer 14

increased risk of HIV

Question 15

MC type of endometrial cancer

Answer 15

adenocarcinoma

Question 16

what is a cystocele

Answer 16

bladder prolapse into ANTERIOR vagina

Question 17

what is a enterocele

Answer 17

Pouch of douglas (small bowel) into the UPPER vagina

Question 18

What is a rectocele

Answer 18

rectom herniates into POSTERIOR DISTAL vagina

Question 19

Ovarian cysts less than what size are most likely functional and will spontaneously resolve

Answer 19

< 8cm

Question 20

what is the MC type of ovarian cancer

Answer 20

90% epithelial

(germ cell seen in patients <30y/o)

Question 21

what lab value do you use to monitor tx of ovarian cancer

Answer 21

CA-125

Question 22

What is the MC benign ovarian neoplasm?

tx?

Answer 22

Dermoid cystic teratoma

Tx= removal

Question 23

MCC type of vaginal cancer?

If DES exposure in utero?

Answer 23

squamous cell

DES exposure= Clear cell

Question 24

What is the MC presentation of vulvar cancer

Answer 24

pruritis

Question 25

What is a complication of PID involving the liver

Answer 25

**_Fitz-Hugh Curtis Syndrome_** (RUQ pain due to perihepatitis or liver capsule involvement) -**_"Violin string adhesions_**" on the anterior liver surface

Question 26

increase of what bacteria is seen in BV

Answer 26

Gardnerella vaginalis

Question 27

Thin, watery, Grey-white discharge

Answer 27

BV

Question 28

pH of BV vs Trich vs Candida

Answer 28

BV= \>5 Trich= \<5 Candida= nml (3.8-4.2)

Question 29

FROTHY yellow green discharge

Answer 29

Trichomoniasis

Question 30

Strawberry cervix

Answer 30

Trichomoniasis

Question 31

Tx for trich and BV

Answer 31

Metronidazole

Question 32

There is decrease in what bacteria in BV

Answer 32

**_Lactobacilli_** (regulates pH- this is why pH is higher in BV)

Question 33

condylomata acuminata vs condyloma lata

Answer 33

acuminata= genital warts lata= seconday syphillis

Question 34

Infertility- when should you check progesterone level?

Answer 34

**_Luteal phase (day 21) progesterone level_** if the progesterone level \< 3 ng/ml on day 21= no ovulation

Question 35

how much weight should be gained during pregnancy

Answer 35

20-35 lbs: average weight women 40-45 lbs: underweight women 10-15 lbs: overweight women

Question 36

What are the 3 stages of delivery

Answer 36

**First stage:** onset of labor--\> fully dilated (10 cm) **Second stage:** fully dilated--\> birth **Third stage:** delivery--\> delivery of the placenta

Question 37

What measurement on NT indicates trisomy

Answer 37

\>3.5 mm