1. Endometriosis 2. Hereditary angioedema

Reproductive Flashcards by RR LL

Danazol: Mechanism

Partial agonist of androgen receptor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Danazol: Use (2)

Endometriosis

2. Hereditary angioedema

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Danazol: Side effect (7)

Masculinization
Hirsutism
Decreased HDL levels
Edema
Weight gain
Acne
Hepatotoxicity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sildenafil, Vardenafil: Mechanism

Inhibits phophodiesterase 5, causing increased cGMP, smooth muscle relaxation in corpus cavernosum, increased blood flow and penile erection

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sildenafil, Vardenafil: Use

Erectile dysfunction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sildenafil, Vardenafil: Side effects (5)

Headache
Flushing
Dyspepsia
Impaired blue-green color vision
Life-threatening hypotension (with nitrates)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tamsulosin: Mechanism

alpha-1 antagonist inhibiting smooth muscle contraction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Why is tamsulosin unique as an alpha-1 antagonist

Selective for alpha 1A,D receptors on prostate

Vascular receptors = 1B

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Tamsulosin: Use

BPH

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Terbutaline: Mechanism

Beta-2 agonist -> uterine relaxation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Terbutaline: Use

Reduce premature uterine contraction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Oral contraception: Estrogen and progestin mechanism

Inhibit LH/FSH and prevent estrogen surge (no LH surge = no ovulation)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Oral contraception: Progestin mechanism (2)

Thickening of cervical mucus, preventing access of sperm to uterus

Inhibit endometrial proliferation - less suitable for implantation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Who should not take oral contraceptives (3)?

Smokers > 35 yo (Increased cardiovascular events)
History of thromboembolism or stroke
History of estrogen-dependent tumor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mifepristone: Mechanism

Competitive progestin receptor antagonist

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mifepristone: Use

Termination of pregnancy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is administered with mifepristone for termination of pregnancy?

Misoprostol (PGE1)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Mifepristone: Side effects (2)

Heavy bleeding

GI (abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Progestins: Use (2)

Oral contraceptives

Treatment of endometrial cancer and abnormal uterine bleeding

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Anastrozole: Mechanism

Aromatase inhibitor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Exemestane: Mechanism

Aromatase inhibitor

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Aromatase inhibitor: Use

Postmenopausal women with breast cancer

Hormone replacement therapy: Use (2)

Relief or prevention of menopausal symptoms

Osteoporosis

Estrogen replacement therapy: Side Effects

Risk of endometrial cancer

Possible CV risk

Clomiphene: Mechanism

SERM Partial agonist at ER in hypothalamus Prevents normal feedback inhibition and increases release of LH and FSH from pituitary, stimulating ovulation

Clomiphene: Use (2)

Infertility | Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Clomiphene: Side Effects (4)

Hot flashes Ovarian enlargement Multiple simultaneous pregnancies Visual disturbances

Tamoxifen: Mechanism

SERM | Agonist on breast tissue

Tamoxifen: Use

Treat and prevent recurrence of ER+ breast cancer

Raloxifene: Mechanism

SERM | Agonist on bone, reduces resorption ofbone

Raloxifene: use

Osteoporosis

Ethinyl estradiol: Family

Estrogens

DES: Family

Estrogens

Mestranol: Family

Estrogens

Estrogens: Use (4)

Hypogonadism or ovarian failure Menstrual abnormalities HRT in postmenopausal women Androgen-dependent PC in men

Estrogens: Side effects (3)

Endometrial cancer Bleeding in postmenopausal women Risk of thrombi

Who should not take estrogens? (2)

ER+ breast cancer | History of DVTs

DES: Side effects

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina in females exposed in utero

Finasteride: Mechanism

5alpha-reductase inhibitor | Decrease conversion of testosterone to DHT

Finasteride: Use (2)

BPH | Male pattern baldness

Flutamide: Mechanism

Nonsteroidal competitive androgen antagonist

Flutamide: Use

Ketoconazole: Mechanism

Inhibits steroid synthesis (17, 20-desmolase)

Ketoconazole: Use

polycystic ovarian syndrome (hirsutism)

Ketoconazole: Side effects (2)

Gynecomastia | Amenorrhea

Spironolactone: Mechanism (Repro)

Inhibits steroid binding

Spironolactone: Use (Repro)

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (hirsutism)

Spironolactone: Side effects (2)

Gynecomastia | Amenorrhea

Testosterone, methyltestosterone: Family

Androgens

Androgens: Use (2)

Hypogonadism/2nd sex characteristic development | Anabolism to promote recovery after burn or injury

Androgens: Side effects (5)

``` Masculinization in females Gonadal atrophy Premature closure of epiphyseal plates Increased LDL Decreased HDL ```

Leuprolide: Mechanism

GnRH analog Pulsatile: agonist Continuous: antagonist

Leuprolide; Use (4)

Pulsatile: Infertility Continuous: PC, uterine fibroids, precocious puberty

Leuprolide: Side effects (3)

Antiandrogen Nausea Vomiting