reproductive

Question 1

genital herpes

Answer 1

Avoid sexual activity when lesions are present as the virus spreads through contact with the lesion; barrier contraception is not sufficient during an outbreak (Option 1). After the outbreak has resolved, condoms should be used in future sexual encounters as transmission is possible even in the absence of active lesions.
Keep the area with lesions clean and dry.
Avoid use of perfumed soaps and bubble baths.
Maintain proper hand hygiene and avoid touching the lesions to prevent spreading.
Use sitz baths and oatmeal baths to provide comfort and relief of itching and burning.

Question 2

health promotion strategies for postmenopausal women

Answer 2

Postmenopausal women should consume plenty of calcium-rich foods (eg, dairy products; green, leafy vegetables), engage in weight-bearing exercise, monitor cholesterol levels, consider dietary counseling to maintain a healthy weight, eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and seek support for any emotional symptoms.

Question 3

Endometriosis

Answer 3

an often painful disorder in which tissue similar to the tissue that normally lines the inside of your uterus — the endometrium — grows outside your uterus.

Question 4

Infertility

Answer 4

inability to conceive after unprotected intercourse (ie, no contraceptive use) for >12 months. Factors contributing to female infertility include hormonal dysfunction (eg, polycystic ovarian syndrome) with anovulation, high or low BMI, and conditions that can lead to reproductive tract scarring and damage (eg, infection, endometriosis).

Question 5

pelvic inflammatory disease

Answer 5

through a sexually transmitted infection (STI) such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea or mycoplasma genitalium. These bacteria usually only infect the cervix, where they can be easily treated with antibiotics. risk factors Multiple sexual partners
History of chlamydia or gonorrhea
History of pelvic inflammatory disease
Partner with a sexually transmitted infection
Lack of consistent barrier contraception use
Age 15-25

Question 6

cervical cap

Answer 6

The cervical cap is a barrier method of contraception used with spermicide. It can be inserted several hours before intercourse and should be left in place for at least 6 hours after. Its use during menses increases the risk of toxic shock syndrome.

Question 7

pap testing

Answer 7

Pap testing for cervical cancer allows early detection of cervical dysplasia and is initiated at age ≥21, regardless of sexual activity history. Women who have had their uterus and cervix removed for reasons unrelated to cervical cancer and those age ≥65-70 may usually discontinue screening.

Question 8

Inflammatory breast disease

Answer 8

an aggressive breast cancer with symptoms of red, warm, peau d’orange breast tissue. A breast mass may or may not be present.

Question 9

sexual assault victims

Answer 9

determining whether evidence has been compromised (eg, shower, bath, douche), date of the last menstrual period, and current method of birth control. The nurse should inform the client about the pelvic examination, assess and thoroughly document all physical injuries on a body map, and provide prophylactic therapies for sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy.

Question 10

open radical prostatectomy contraindicated

Answer 10

void anything that could cause strain on the rectal area. Straining, suppositories, and enemas are contraindicated in these clients, and interventions should be implemented to prevent constipation.

Question 11

clomiphene

Answer 11

used to induce ovulation (egg production) in women who do not produce ova (eggs) but wish to become pregnant (infertility). necessary to engage in frequent sexual intercourse 5 days after completing the medication regimen. Clomiphene may cause mood swings, nausea, hot flashes, and headaches and increases the risk of multiple gestation.

Question 12

phenylketonuria

Answer 12

a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body. PKU is caused by a change in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene. This gene helps create the enzyme needed to break down phenylalanine. deficiency or absence of an enzyme required to metabolize phenylalanine found in protein foods. To prevent teratogenic effects, the client should follow a low-phenylalanine diet by avoiding meat, eggs, and other high-protein foods before and during pregnancy.

Question 13

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Answer 13

associated with genital warts and cervical cancer. Condoms used during sex decrease, but do not completely eliminate, the risk of transmission. Prevention includes vaccination against HPV, preferably before sexual activity begins, and safe sex practices.

Question 14

testicular self-examination (TSE) instructions

Answer 14

Perform TSE monthly on the same day (easy to remember)
Perform TSE while taking a warm shower or bath as warm temperatures will relax the scrotal tissue and make the testis hang lower in the scrotum
Use both hands to feel each testis separately
Palpate each testicle gently, using the thumb and first 2 fingers
Check that the testicle is normally egg-shaped and movable with a smooth surface

Question 15

Serosanguinous

Answer 15

may also appear more red, indicating an active bleed, open wound, or hemorrhage.

Question 16

Sanguineous

Answer 16

Fresh blood that comes out of the wound that is normally seen during the inflammatory phase of wound healing.

Question 17

postmenopausal woman

Answer 17

(usually after age 51) is at risk for osteoporosis and heart disease. Clients should remain upright after taking a bisphosphonate and consume calcium and vitamin D for bone health. Clotting disorder is a risk with HRT. Intermittent vaginal spotting after menopause can be a sign of endometrial cancer.

Question 18

priapism

Answer 18

a sustained, painful erection that lasts for more than 2 hours. Common associated clinical manifestations include discoloration of the penis, intense pain, rigid penis, difficulty voiding, and anxiety and embarrassment.

Question 19

breast cancer risk

Answer 19

Risk factors include having a first-degree relative who had breast cancer; inheriting a mutation of the breast cancer 1 or 2 (BRCA1, BRCA2) genes; gaining excessive weight in the postmenopausal years; and using menpausal hormone therapy (eg, estrogen and progestin pills) for >5 years

Question 20

ovarian cancer

Answer 20

Symptoms of ovarian cancer are often subtle, and the condition is often not discovered until an advanced stage due to a lack of routine screening guidelines. Clients may present with bloating, early satiety, urinary symptoms (pressure on the bladder), and pelvic pressure.

Question 21

progestin-only pills (POP)

Answer 21

work by thickening cervical mucus, thinning the endometrium, and preventing ovulation. If the pill is taken ≥3 hours late, a barrier method (eg, condom) is advised until the pill is taken correctly for 2 days.