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224 unit 1 > nclex vocab > Flashcards

nclex vocab Flashcards

1
Q

furosemide

A

It can treat fluid retention (edema) and swelling caused by congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease, and other medical conditions. directic

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2
Q

digoxin

A

positive inotropic drug ( improves contractility ) used in the long-term treatment of heart failure

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3
Q

dopamine

A

a positive inotropic drug used short term treatment of ADHF, however, does not resolve the fluid overload affecting oxygenation

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4
Q

DVT teaching prevents reoccurrence

A

take in adequate fluids, elevate extrem, exercise reg, change position, stop smoking

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5
Q

manifestion of hypovolemic shock

A

change mental status, tachy with thready pulse, cool clammy skin, oliguria, tachypnea

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6
Q

oliguria

A

urinary output less than 400 ml per day or less than 20 ml per hour. want urine over 30 ml per hour

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7
Q

atorvastatin

A

STATIN
It can treat high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. This may reduce the risk of angina, stroke, heart attack, and heart and blood vessel problems. require monitoring for muscle pain

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8
Q

Docusate sodium

A

Docusate is a type of medicine called a laxative. It helps to soften your poo and makes your bowel movements easier if you have problems pooing (constipation).

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9
Q

Lisinopril

A

ACE inhibitor
It can treat high blood pressure and heart failure. It can also reduce the risk of death after a heart attack. require monitoring of potassium and blood pressure. give to MI patient to prevent ventricular remodeling

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10
Q

Metoprolol

A

Beta blocker
It can treat high blood pressure, chest pain (angina), and heart failure. This may lower the risk of death after a heart attack. require monitoring of heart rate and blood pressure

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11
Q

beta-blockers

A

end in LOL

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12
Q

calcium channel blockers

A

end in ZEM

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13
Q

atropine - anticholinergic

A

increase the heart rate - may lead to need pacemaker/ temporary pacing

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14
Q

aortic stenosis

A

Narrowing of the valve in the large blood vessel branching off the heart (aorta).

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15
Q

dvt manifestion

A

unilateral edema, calf pain or tenderness to touch, warmth, erythema, and low grade fever

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16
Q

ecchymosis

A

brusiing

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17
Q

aortic aneurysm - graft leakage

A

pain in the back, pelvis, or groin. ecchymosis of the groin, scrotum, or penis, tachycardia, weak or absent peripheral pulses, decreasing hematocrit and hemoglobin, increased abdominal girth and decreased urinary output.

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18
Q

normal BNP level is <100 pg/ml

A

high = decompensated heart failure

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19
Q

peripheral artery disease

A

A circulatory condition in which narrowed blood vessels reduce blood flow to the limbs.

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20
Q

chest drainage

A

> 100 ml/hr report HCP. could be blood loss

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21
Q

INR

A

therpaeutic INR 2.5 -3.5

22
Q

troponin

A

cardiac specific serum marker that is highly speicif indicator of MI

23
Q

MVP - mitral valve prolapse

A

stay hydrated avoid caffeine and alcohol exercise regularly reduce stress and take beta blockers

24
Q

acute pericarditis

A

a painful condition where the fluid-filled pouch around your heart is inflamed.

25
Q

acute pericarditis

A

monitor for and immediately report signs of cardiac tamponade jugular venous distention, distant heart sounds, hypotension,

26
Q

platelet count

A

150k-450k

27
Q

right side heart failure

A

In clients with right-sided heart failure, the heart cannot effectively pump blood to the lungs. Clinical manifestations result from systemic venous congestion and include peripheral edema, jugular venous distension, increased abdominal girth (hepatomegaly, splenomegaly), and ascites.

28
Q

normal MAP ( MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE )

A

70-105normal. calculate sym+(diastolic x 2)/3

29
Q

loop diuretics

A

furosemide, torsemide, bumetanide - When administering furosemide, it is important to closely monitor the client’s vital signs, serum electrolytes (potassium), and kidney function tests (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine) prior to administration to prevent side effects such as hypokalemia, hypotension, and kidney injury.

30
Q

severe aortic stenosis characteristic

A

A systolic ejection murmur over the aortic area, soft or absent second heart sounds, and weak peripheral pulses are characteristic.

31
Q

epistaxis

A

nose bleed

32
Q

Heparin

A

partial thromboplastin time is the lab value require to monitor the therapeutic effect of heparin. prevent clot formation. A PTT value > 100 second would be considered critical and result in life threatening side effect. therapeutic range 1.5-2

33
Q

coronary artery disease

A

The usual cause is the buildup of plaque. This causes coronary arteries to narrow, limiting blood flow to the heart.

34
Q

Homan sign

A

use to diagnose dvt (calf pain at dorsiflexion of the foot positive.

35
Q

diaphoresis

A

sweating

36
Q

sodium - na level

A

sodium levels is 135 to 145 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L).

37
Q

potassium levels - K

A

3.6 to 5.2 millimoles per liter (mmol/L).

38
Q

calcium levels - ca

A

8.5 to 10.2 milligrams/deciliter

39
Q

cardiac nuclear pharmacologic stress test

A

no eat, drink, or smoke on the day of the test.avoid both caffeinated and decaffeinated products for 24 hours before the test; and avoid taking theophylline or antianginal medications unless otherwise instructed by the health care provider.

40
Q

murmur sound

A

musical, blowing, or swooshing sounds

41
Q

abdominal aortic aneurysm concerns

A

BUN, creatinine, and urine output.

42
Q

infective endocarditis

A

Stroke - paralysis on one side
Spinal cord ischemia - paralysis of both legs
Ischemia to the extremities - pain, pallor, and cold foot or arm
Intestinal infarction - abdominal pain
Splenic infarction - left upper-quadrant pain

43
Q

measuring blood pressure

A

Have the client lie down for at least 5 minutes
Measure BP and HR
Have the client stand
Repeat BP and HR measurements after standing at 1- and 3-minute intervals

A drop in systolic BP of ≥20 mm Hg or in diastolic BP of ≥10 mm Hg, or experiencing lightheadedness or dizziness is considered abnormal

44
Q

interventions for deep venous thrombosis

A

anticoagulants, warm compresses, limb elevation while in bed, and early ambulation. Clients with DVT are at risk for developing a pulmonary embolism (PE). Massaging the site of thrombosis can cause the clot to become dislodged and result in life-threatening PE. ASSESS AT 45 DEGREE

45
Q

paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia treatment

A

vagal maneuvers such as valslva coughing and carotid massage. adenosine is the drug of choice.

46
Q

central venous pressure

A

Elevated CVP can indicate fluid volume overload. The nurse should recognize clinical signs such as crackles in lungs, jugular venous distension, and peripheral edema as evidence of fluid volume overload.

47
Q

signs fluid overload

A 
Peripheral edema
Increased urine output that is dilute
Acute, rapid weight gain
Jugular venous distension
S3 heart sound in adults
Tachypnea, dyspnea, crackles in lungs
Bounding peripheral pulses
48
Q

normal central venous pressure

A

normal CVP is 2-8 mm Hg. An elevated CVP can indicate right ventricular failure or fluid volume overload.

49
Q

bruit

A

the sound of blood flowing through a narrowed portion of an artery. The sound means that the blood flow may be partially blocked; artery blockage is most often due to atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).

50
Q

Chronic venous insufficiency

A

occurs when your leg veins don’t allow blood to flow back up to your heart. darkening of the skin, discolored and thick skin on legs, swollen blood vessels in the skin, or varicose veins

51
Q

cardiac tamponade

A

Hypotension with narrowed pulse pressure (Option 1)
Muffled or distant heart tones (Option 4)
Jugular venous distension (Option 5)
Pulsus paradoxus
Dyspnea, tachypnea
Tachycardia

52
Q

risk factos for hypertension

A

Nonmodifiable
Increasing age Positive family history African American ethnicityDiabetes mellitus type 1

Modifiable Excessive alcohol intakeSmokingObesityExcessive sodium intakeSedentary lifestyleIncreased stressHyperlipidemiaDiabetes mellitus type 2

224 unit 1 (6 decks)

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