Reproduction and Meiosis 4.6.1.1-3 Flashcards
1
Q
what is asexual reproduction?
A
- Only one parent and no fusion of gametes
- No mixing of genetic information
- This leads to genetically identical offspring (clones)
- Only mitosis
2
Q
What is sexual reproduction?
A
- Involves the fusion/joining of male and female gametes
- This is called fertilization and results in a zygote.
3
Q
What is fertilisation?
A
- Fusion of nuclei of male and female gametes
- Gametes are haploid (half the amount of chromosomes)
- Fertilisation results in a diploid zygote, showing variation
4
Q
What is a gamete?
A
sex cells e.g. egg, sperm
5
Q
Is mitosis asexual or sexual reproduction?
A
Asexual
6
Q
Is meiosis asexual or sexual reproduction?
A
Sexual
7
Q
What are the advantages of asexual reproduction?
A
- Faster
- Only one parent needed
- More time and energy efficient as do not need to find a mate
- Many identical offspring can be produced when conditions are favourable
8
Q
What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?
A
- Lead to variation in the offspring
- If the environment changes, variation gives a survival advantage by natural selection
- Disease resistance
- Natural selection can be speeded up by humans in selective breeding to increase food production.
9
Q
What organisms can use both sexual and asexual reproduction (depending on the circumstance)?
A
- Malarial parasites
- Fungi
- Plants
10
Q
How many divisions are there in meiosis?
A
2
11
Q
How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
A
4
