reproduction and inheritance

Question 1

what is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle

Answer 1

stimulates the follicle to develop and ovum matures
the maturing follicle releases oestrogen

Question 1

what is puberty

Answer 1

period in which adolescents start to develop secondary sexual characteristics

Question 2

what is the role of oestrogen in the menstrual cycle

Answer 2

inhibits FSH production - stops another ovum being matured
thickens uterus lining
stimulates LH production

Question 3

what is the role of LH in the menstrual cycle

Answer 3

ovulation - follicle on ovary releases mature ovum into oviduct
remanent of follicle becomes corpus luteum

Question 4

what is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle

Answer 4

FSH and LH inhibited - stops further ovum being matured + released
thickness of uterus lining is maintained

Question 5

what happens in stage one of the menstrual cycle and what is it called

Answer 5

period of bleeding as the uterus lining breaks down
menstruation

Question 6

what is the stamen

Answer 6

the male organ of the flower
anther and filament combined

Question 7

what is the anther

Answer 7

part of the stamen where pollen is produced

Question 8

what is the filament

Answer 8

the stalk that holds up the anther

Question 9

what is the carpel

Answer 9

the female organ of the flower
stigma + ovary + style

Question 10

what is the stigma

Answer 10

the sticky tip that pollen attaches to

Question 11

what is the style

Answer 11

the stalk that holds up the stigma
stalk that the pollen tube grows down

Question 12

what are the ovaries (flower)

Answer 12

the structure that contains the ovules

Question 13

what are the two neutral parts of a flower

Answer 13

sepal
petal

Question 14

what are petals for

Answer 14

modified leaves used to attract insects

Question 15

what is the sepal for

Answer 15

outer green part of the flower that encloses the flower bud whilst it develops

Question 16

what is pollination

Answer 16

process during plant reproduction where pollen grains need to move from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower

Question 17

what are the two types of pollination

Answer 17

self - pollination
cross - pollination

Question 18

what is self pollination

Answer 18

the transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of the same plant

Question 19

what is cross pollination

Answer 19

the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one plant to the stigma on a different plant

Question 20

adaptations for insect pollination in flowers

Answer 20

brightly coloured petals that attract insects
nice scents that attract insects
big, sticky pollen grains that stick to insects bodies
sticky stigmas so when pollen rubs off insects it will stick to the stigma
nectaries that produces sugar nectar which attracts insects

Question 21

adaptations for wind pollination in flowers

Answer 21

lots of small, light pollen grains that get blown long distances in the wind
long filaments so anthers hang out of the flower + pollen blown away more easily
feathery stigmas that can trap lots of passing pollen grains

Question 22

what is a haploid cell

Answer 22

a cell that contains half the genetic material than a normal cell

Question 23

how many chromosomes does a human gamete have

Answer 23

23

Question 24

what is formed when two haploid cells join

Answer 24

a diploid cell

Question 25

during meiosis how many times does the cell divide

Answer 25

2

Question 26

as a result of meiosis how many new cells are formed

Answer 26

4

Question 27

are the cells produced by meiosis genetically identical or unique

Answer 27

unique

Question 28

what are the reasons why new cells are constantly required

Answer 28

growth
repair
development

Question 29

what do we commonly call the cells produced by mitosis

Answer 29

daughter cells

Question 30

are the cells produced by mitosis genetically identical or unique

Answer 30

identical