blood and organs

Question 1

what do arteries do

Answer 1

carry blood away from the heart

Question 2

what do veins do

Answer 2

carry blood to the heart

Question 3

what do capillaries do

Answer 3

exchange nutrients and oxygen with tissues

Question 4

what pressure will the blood be like in the arteries

Answer 4

high pressure as its been pumped out the ventricles

Question 5

how does the arteries structure help them carry out their function

Answer 5

to bare the high pressures, there are
thick layers of muscle and elastic tissues means that the wall of the arteries is quite thick
small lumen

Question 6

how does the capillaries structure help them carry out their function

Answer 6

they are very small
walls are single cell thick and permeable to exchange substances - short diffusion distance
carry blood at low pressure

Question 7

what do the elastic and muscle tissues do in the artieries

Answer 7

elastic - allows arteries to stretch and recoil
muscle - provides strength and allows arteries to direct blood flow

Question 8

how does the veins structure help them carry out their function

Answer 8

thin walls and large lumen as the blood is carried at lower pressure
contain valves to prevent blood flowing backwards

Question 9

which order does blood flow through the three types of blood vessels

Answer 9

arteries - capillaries - veins

Question 10

which side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood

Answer 10

right

Question 11

where does the blood first travel through on the left side of the heart

Answer 11

oxygenated blood comes from the lungs
goes through pulmonary vein to the left atrium

Question 12

where does the blood first travel through on the right side of the heart

Answer 12

deoxygenated blood flows through the vena cava to go tot the right atrium

Question 13

where does the blood leave the heart on the right side

Answer 13

pulmonary artery which goes to lungs

Question 14

where does the blood leave the heart on the left side

Answer 14

aorta which goes to the rest of the body

Question 15

what is the purpose of valves in the heart

Answer 15

prevent the blood from flowing backwards

Question 16

in order, which valves does the blood pass through on the left side of the heart

Answer 16

1. bicuspid valve
2. semi lunar valve

Question 17

in order, which valves does the blood pass through on the right side of the heart

Answer 17

1. tricuspid valve
2. semi lunar valve

Question 18

how is blood pumped around the heart

Answer 18

walls of the atria contract
walls of the ventricles then contract

Question 19

what do coronary arteries do

Answer 19

supply the heart muscle with blood, oxygen and nutrients

Question 20

what happens when you have lots of saturated fats in your diet

Answer 20

fatty deposits will build up in the artery walls.
The fatty deposits narrow the lumen and restrict blood flow to the heart muscle cells
This causes the heart muscle to receive less blood therefore less oxygen
aerobic respiration decreases, anaerobic respiration increases
causing a lactic acid build up - which poisons heart muscles causing heart attack

Question 21

risk factors which make coronary heart disease more likely

Answer 21

smoking - increases blood pressure + chance of fatty deposits forming
high blood pressure - damages artery lining
bad diet
lack of exercise - increases blood pressure