coordination and response Flashcards
which neurone gives the central nervous system information
sensory neurone
which neurone does the central nervous system send information out via
motor neurone
what is a reflex arc
the nerve pathway that follows a reflex action
what are the benefits of reflexes
rapid
automatic
what passes along nerve cells
electrical impulses
what is released across a synapse
chemicals
what is the role of a receptor
to detect a stimulus
what is the role of a sensory neurone
to transfer a signal from a receptor to the CNS
why are reflexes important
they protect us from harm
what are the small chemicals that glands release
hormones
in the endocrine system, where are the hormones released into
bloodstream
what do hormones bind to
specific cells that have the correct receptors
what is the role of thyroxine and where is it released
it regulates metabolism and is released in the thyroid gland
what is the role of adrenaline
stimulates fight or flight response
where is insulin released
pancreas
do the effects of the endocrine or the nervous system last longer
endocrine - hormones stay in the blood for a long time, electrical impulses last a split second
what does adrenaline do
increases heart rate
inreases blood pressure
increases blood flow to muscles
increase blood sugar levels
what are the three main components of an automatic control system
receptor
coordination centres
effector
definition of homeostasis
the regulation of conditions inside the body to maintain a stable internal environment in response to both internal and external conditions
what are automatic control systems
they recognise when conditions change from optimal conditions and send a signal to reverse the change
how are signals sent through automatic control systems
nervous system
endocrine system
why does the body need to maintain optimal conditions
for optimal enzyme action and cell function
what is the role of a receptor in homeostasis
detects change in internal/ external environment
what is the role of coordination centres in homeostasis
interprets change and organises response