Reproduction and Heredity Chapter 18

Question 1

Exocrine

Answer 1

(External) secrete chemicals through ducts to outside of body (Ex. Saliva, sweat)

Question 2

Endocrine

Answer 2

(Internal) secrete hormones directly into blood stream (no ducts to exit) that signal changes in other parts of the body

Question 3

Hormone

Answer 3

A chemical substance, or messenger, released by an endocrine gland that has a specific function in the body (Ex. adrenaline, growth hormones)

Question 4

Puberty

Answer 4

A period of sexual development during which a person becomes sexually mature and physically able to reproduce

Question 5

How does puberty start?

Answer 5

1. The Hypothalamus signals the pituitary glad to begin producing 2 hormones (LH and FSH)
2. Those hormones in turn signal the reproductive glands to produce sex hormones
3. These sex hormones activate several changes in your body including outward appearance

Question 6

The male reproductive system functions

Answer 6

1. Produce sex hormones
2. Produce/Store sperm
3. Deliver sperm to female reproductive system

Question 7

Penis

Answer 7

Sexual organ through which sperm leave the body. The tip of the penis is covered with loose skin, called the foreskin. The foreskin can be removed by a process called circumcision.

Question 8

Testes

Answer 8

Male reproductive glands (2 functions = production of testosterone and sperm)

Question 9

Sperm

Answer 9

Reproductive cells (in males)

Question 10

Fertilization

Answer 10

A sperm cell joins with an egg

Question 11

Semen

Answer 11

Mixture of sperm cells and fluids

Question 12

Ejaculation

Answer 12

Ejection of semen from the penis

Question 13

The female reproductive system functions

Answer 13

1. Produce sex hormones
2. Produce eggs
3. Provide a nourishing environment in which a fertilized egg can develop into a baby

Question 14

Ova

Answer 14

Reproductive cells/eggs (in females)

Question 15

Ovaries

Answer 15

Reproductive glands in which eggs are produced (2 functions = produce hormones estrogen and progesterone and release mature egg cells)

Question 16

Estrogen

Answer 16

Activates certain physical changes at puberty

Question 17

Progesterone

Answer 17

Activates changes to a woman’s reproductive system before and during pregnancy

Question 18

Ovulation

Answer 18

One of the ovaries releases a ripened egg about once every month

Question 19

Fallopian tubes

Answer 19

Passages that carry eggs away from ovaries

Question 20

Uterus

Answer 20

Hollow, muscular organ where egg can grow and develop

Question 21

Vagina

Answer 21

Hollow, muscular passage leading from the uterus to the outside of the body

Question 22

Menstrual cycle

Answer 22

Process by which a female produces one mature egg each month

Question 23

On average, menstrual cycles usually last about ____ days

Answer 23

28

Question 24

Factors affecting menstrual cycle

Answer 24

1. Diet
2. Stress
3. Exercise
4. Weight gain/loss (weight in general)

Question 25

Menopause

Answer 25

Ovaries slow down hormones production and no longer release eggs

Question 26

Cleanliness

Answer 26

Daily washing

Question 27

Sexual abstinence

Answer 27

Eliminate infections, diseases, ect. Until God approves

Question 28

Self exams

Answer 28

Learn how to monitor for medical problems

Question 29

Medical check-ups

Answer 29

Yearly check-ups should be done by a professional