Activity Test Flashcards
Aerobic
An ongoing physical activity that raises your breathing and heart rates; increases the amount of oxygen your body takes in and uses
Functions of the skeletal system
5 main roles
Support
Protects internal organs
Movement
Stores material that your body needs (ex. Calcium)
Produces materials that your body needs (blood cells)
Your skeletal system is made up of how many bones?
Over 200
Newborns skeleton=
Mostly cartilage (Supportive tissue)
Young adulthood=
Ossification occurs (cartilage replaced by bone)
After ossification is complete=
cells in bones maintain and repair tissue
Bones consist of 2 different types of tissue
Compact bone and spongy bone
What tissue fills the spaces in the bones
Marrow
What are the two different types of marrow
Red and yellow
Red marrow
Yellow marrow = found in hollow centers of _______________ bones – stores ____________
Joints
Found in spaces of spongy bone; produces blood cells
Yellow marrow
Found in the hollow centers of long bones; stores fat
Bones are held together at joints by strong, fibrous bands called
Ligaments
4 moveable joints
Pivot joint
Ball-and-socket joint
Hinge joint
Gliding joint
Joint injuries
Sprains
Dislocations
Torn cartilage
Overuse injuries
Sprains
An overstretched or torn ligament
Dislocations
Ends of the bones around a joint are forced out of normal position
Torn cartilage
Damage to cartilage between joints
2 ways to keep your skeletal system healthy
Eat well
Exercising
A condition in which the bones become weak and break easily.
Osteoporosis
How do muscles work
They work by contracting (becoming shorter and thicker)
3 types of muscles
Smooth
Cardiac
Skeletal
Smooth
Involuntary; cause movement in body (muscles in esophagus, intestines,blood vessels)
Cardiac
Involuntary; allows heart to beat and pumps blood
Skeletal
Voluntary; attached to the bones of your skeleton (tendons)
Tendons
Tissue that connects muscle to bones
Types of muscle injuries
Strains
Tendonitis
Strains
A pulled muscle - when overworked or stretched too much or too quickly
(Sometimes muscle fibers rip = torn muscle)
Tendonitis
Overuse of tendons
Ex. Tennis elbow, hand held control (video games)
How does your nervous system work? (278)
Your nervous system receives information about what is going on inside and outside of your body. Then it processes the information and forms a response to it.
Sensory neurons
Gather information about your external and internal environment through your sense organs or other parts of your body
Name the 3 types of Neurons (279)
Sensory neurons
Interneurons
Motor neurons
What are the 2 major divisions of the Nervous system? (280)
Brain and spinal cord
The CNS includes the Brain and the Spinal Cord. Name the 3 major regions of the brain
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem
