Reproduction and Cloning

Question 1

What is sexual reproduction?

Answer 1

e production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes). In most higher organisms, one sex (male) produces a small motile gamete which travels to fuse with a larger stationary gamete produced by the other (female).

Question 2

What is asexual reproduction?

Answer 2

Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes and almost never changes the number of chromosomes

Question 3

Describe tissue culture.

Answer 3

A tissue sample is scraped from a plant and is then places into Agar growth pot which contains auxins and nutrients. These samples form tiny “plantlets” and these are planted into compost

Question 4

Describe embryo transplant.

Answer 4

A developing embryo is removed from a pregnant animal at an early stage, before the embryo’s cells have had time to become specialised. The cells are separated, grown for a while in a laboratory, and then transplanted into host mothers.

Question 5

Describe adult cell cloning.

Answer 5

Adult cell cloning involves several steps: the nucleus is removed from an unfertilised egg cell and discarded. the nucleus is removed from an adult body cell and injected into the egg cell. an electric shock is applied to make the egg cell begin to divide to form an embryo.