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Biology > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Centromere:

A

What binds together the chromatids

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1
Q

Autosomal chromosomes:

A

Chromosomes numbered 1-22

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2
Q

Cytokinesis:

A

When the daughter cells are produced

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3
Q

Diploid:

A

A cell with 23 chromosome pairs.

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4
Q

Abbreviation for diploid

A

2n

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5
Q

Abbreviation for haploid

A

N

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6
Q

Gamete

A

Sex cell/ germ cell

Sperm/egg

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7
Q

Germ cell:

A

Sex cell

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8
Q

Haploid:

A

Cell with only 23 chromosomes

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9
Q

Meiosis

A

Reproduction of sex cells

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10
Q

Mitosis:

A

Reproduction of body cells

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11
Q

Somatic cells

A

Cells produced by mitosis with a complete number of chromosomes.

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12
Q

Tetrad

A

When the four chromosomes stay very close together.

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13
Q

Crossing over

A

When the homologous chromosomes exchange one or more of their genes with eachother.

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14
Q

Zygote

A

The cell formed when two sex cells (sperm and egg) unite.

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15
Q

Order of mitosis stages

A

Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

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16
Q

Spermatogenesis produces

A

4 sperms

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17
Q

Oogenesis produces

A

One single egg

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18
Q

Germ cell=

A

Spermatogonium or oogonium

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19
Q

Spermatogonium and oogonium are found

A

In the body

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20
Q

The polar bodies produced in oogenesis don’t

A

Enter the ovaries

21
Q

Start with germ cell and end with

A

Sperm or egg

22
Q

Purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms

A 
GRR
Grow
Replace
Repair
(Asexual Reproduction)
23
Q

Purpose of meiosis in multicellular organisms:

A 
Gamete production (sex cell production)
For sexual reproduction
24
Q

Number of daughter cells produced in mitosis

A

2

25
Q

Number of daughter cells produced in meiosis

A

4

26
Q

Number of chromosomes in parent cell mitosis:

A

46

27
Q

Number of chromosomes in parent cell meiosis:

A

46

28
Q

Number of chromosomes in one daughter cell mitosis:

A

46

29
Q

Number of chromosomes in one daughter cell meiosis:

A

23

30
Q

Daughter cells mitosis:

A

Diploid (2n)

31
Q

Daughter cells meiosis:

A

Haploid (n)

32
Q

Daughter cells genetically identical to parent in mitosis?

A

Yes

33
Q

Daughter cells genetically identical to eachother in mitosis?

A

Yes

34
Q

Daughter cells genetically identical to parent in meiosis:

A

No

35
Q

Daughter cells genetically identical to eachother in meiosis:

A

No

36
Q

First stage of cell cycle:

A

G1

37
Q

What is g1

A

Growth

38
Q

Second stage of cell cycle

A

S

39
Q

What occurs in S

A

Growth and DNA replication

40
Q

Stage 3 of cell cycle:

A

G2

41
Q

What is g2

A

Growth and final prep for division

42
Q

What is stage 4 of cell cycle?

A

M

43
Q

Four(or five) steps in m

A

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis

44
Q

What is the result of the cell cycle

A

New daughter cells created

45
Q

What are G1,2 and S part of

A

Interphase

46
Q

Which part of the m phase is not considered part of the mitotic phases?

A

Cytokinesis

47
Q

When the chromosomes copy and condense they form

A

Chromatids

48
Q

I’m pulling my act together

A

Interphase prophase metaphase anaphase telophase

49
Q

Kinetochore:

A

Specialized region on centromere that links each sister chromosome to the mitotic spindle.

50
Q

Another word for ovum

A

Egg

51
Q

Fusion of gametes=

A

Fusion of gametes

Biology (3 decks)

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