Reproduction Flashcards
Define Testes
produce sperm and the sex hormone testosterones
Define Urethra
carries sperm(at different time carries urine) out of the penis
Define Scrotum
Holds the testes outside the body and protects them
Define Penis
Organ that transfers sperm into the vagina
Define Sperm Tube
Carries sperm from testes to urethra
Define Prostate Gland
Produces secretion(Semen)that carry and nourish sperm
What are male gametes called
sperm
What are female gametes called
ova
Define Ovaries
produce and release one ovum each month and produce the sex hormone oestrogen
Define Oviduct
tubes that carry ova to the uterus and the site of fertilization
Define Uterus Lining
inner lining of uterus that fertilized ovum attaches and implants into
Define Uterus
organ where the fertilized ovum develops into a baby
Define Cervix
neck or opening of uterus
Define Vagina
place where sperm are deposited
What is mitosis
Process which forms sperms in the testes/division of cells
How are sperm cells adapted to their function
Haploid nucleus
mitochondria for energy production
flagellum for swimming
Where does fertilization occur
Oviduct(Where an ovum is present)
Explain Fertlisation
Fertilization takes place in the oviduct where an haploid sperm and egg nuclei fuse to give a diploid zygote
The zygote divides many times by mitosis as
it travels through the oviduct, on its journey to the uterus, to form a ball of identical cells called
the embryo.
What happens in the uterus
The embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus(Implantation)
The embryo differentiates into cells of different types and gradually the
foetus develops a variety of tissues and organs over a period of nine months.
How is placenta adapted for diffusion
by having a
large surface area for exchanging dissolved
nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide and urea
Explain the role of villi
The placenta has villi that increase the surface area for diffusion of
substances between the mother and feotus’s blood.
Explain the role of umbilical cord
Substances are carried to or from the foetus in the blood vessels in the umbillical cord
Where is testosterone produced
Testes
Where is oestrogen produced?
ovaries
Reasons for infertility in Women
Lack of Ova
Blocked Oviduct
Hostile vagina
Reasons for infertility in Men
Lack of Sperm Production
Erectile dysfunction
What is a mechanical methods of contraception
Condom
How does a condom work
As a barrier to prevent the passage of sperm and spread of sexually transmitted infections
What are chemical methods of contraception
Contraceptive pills
Chemical Implant
How do contraceptive pills and implants work
Change hormone levels and stop development of ovum
What are surgical ways of contraceptions
Male And Female Sterilization
How does Male and Female Sterilization Work
Prevents the passage of sperm and ova
Role of Amnotic Fluid
Cushion the foetus
