Osmosis

Question 1

What is transpiration?

Answer 1

Transpiration is the process of evaporation of water from mesophyll cells in leaves, followed by diffusion through airspaces and stomata

Question 2

How does surface area affect transpiration?

Answer 2

A larger surface area increases the rate of transpiration because more water can evaporate from the leaf surface.

Question 3

What role does wind play in transpiration?

Answer 3

Wind increases transpiration rates by removing the moisture-heavy air around the stomata, allowing for more water vapor to diffuse out of the leaf.

Question 4

How does temperature influence transpiration?

Answer 4

Higher temperatures increase the rate of transpiration as they enhance water evaporation from leaf surfaces.

Question 5

What is the effect of humidity on transpiration?

Answer 5

Higher humidity levels decrease the rate of transpiration because the concentration gradient between the inside of the leaf and the outside air is reduced.

Question 6

How does light intensity affect transpiration?

Answer 6

Increased light intensity stimulates stomatal opening, which can lead to higher rates of transpiration due to increased photosynthesis and water vapor loss.

Question 7

What are the main uses of water in plants?

Answer 7

Plants use water for support, transport of nutrients, transpiration, and photosynthesis.

Question 8

What is osmosis?

Answer 8

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solution through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 9

How does osmosis affect plant cells?

Answer 9

Osmosis can cause plant cells to become turgid when water enters the cell, or plasmolysed when water exits the cell.

Question 10

What happens to a plant cell when it becomes turgid?

Answer 10

When a plant cell becomes turgid, it swells and exerts pressure against the cell wall, providing structural support to the plant.

Question 11

What is plasmolysis in plant cells?

Answer 11

Plasmolysis occurs when water leaves the plant cell, causing the cell membrane to pull away from the cell wall, resulting in a shriveled appearance.

Question 12

What role does the cell wall play in osmosis?

Answer 12

The cell wall limits the entry of water

Question 13

How does a selectively permeable membrane function in osmosis?

Answer 13

A selectively permeable membrane allows water molecules to pass through while restricting the movement of solutes, facilitating the process of osmosis.

Question 14

What structural changes occur in turgid plant cells?

Answer 14

In turgid plant cells, the cell membrane pushes against the rigid cell wall, resulting in a firm and swollen appearance that provides structural support.

Question 15

What happens to the cell wall during turgidity?

Answer 15

The cell wall remains intact but provides resistance against the pressure exerted by the swollen cell membrane, helping maintain cell shape.

Question 16

What structural changes occur in plasmolysed plant cells?

Answer 16

In plasmolysed cells, the cell membrane detaches from the cell wall, causing the cell to shrink and leading to a gap between the cell membrane and the cell wall.

Question 17

How does the appearance of a plasmolysed cell differ from a turgid cell?

Answer 17

A plasmolysed cell appears shriveled and may have a reduced volume, while a turgid cell appears swollen and firm.

Question 18

What is the effect of osmosis on the vacuole in turgid and plasmolysed cells?

Answer 18

In turgid cells, the vacuole is full of water, contributing to cell pressure, while in plasmolysed cells, the vacuole loses water, leading to cell shrinkage.

Question 19

What happens to the cytoplasm in a plasmolysed cell?

Answer 19

In a plasmolysed cell, the cytoplasm shrinks away from the cell wall due to water loss, resulting in a gap between the cytoplasm and the cell wall.