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ASC 101 > reproduction > Flashcards

reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

testes

A

male mammals have 2, site of spermatogenesis, produce testosterone

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2
Q

Spermatozoa

A

male gametes, start out as normal- looking round cells , but over 50-60 days they become sperm cells, have half the chromosomes a normal cell would

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3
Q

testosterone

A

the male anabolic steroid hormone, essential for spermatogenesis, stimulates the support cells in the testis to nourish and support the developing spermatozoa, supports the growth an function of the cells that make up the male repro tract, responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics

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4
Q

male secondary sexual characteristics

A

accumulation of muscle mass

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5
Q

sexually dimorphic characteristics

A

horn growth, coat coloration, comb growth, plumage growth and coloration

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6
Q

male behaviors

A

enhanced by testosterone, include male-male aggression, sexual interest (libido) and mating behaviors

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7
Q

epididymis

A

a long narrow, highly coiled tube that sits next to the testes

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8
Q

caput and corpus

A

first 2 portions of the epididymus, where sperm mature

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9
Q

cauda epididymus

A

site of storage for sperm cells, sperm can survive here for several weeks

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10
Q

scrotum

A

cavity where the testes and epididymus are suspended outside the body

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11
Q

vas deferens

A

a long, straight muscular duct where rhythmic contractions of its musculature propel spermatozoa from the caudal epididymus to the urethra, may be severed in a vasectomy

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12
Q

ampulla

A

terminal portion of the vas deferens, secretes a viscous liquid that is the first contribution to seminal plasma

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13
Q

semen

A

the combination of seminal plasma and sperm

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14
Q

urethra

A

the duct that drains the bladder of urine and carries semen out of the body

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15
Q

accessory sex glands

A

deposite viscous secretions in the urethra that protest the sperm in the female tract and aid in maturation, these are the seminal vesicle, prostate glands and the bulbourethral glands

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16
Q

penis

A

the organ of intromission, allows the sperm to be placed in the female repro tract

17
Q

retractor penis muscle

A

stays in the contracted state, pulling the free end of the penis back into a protective sheath

18
Q

ovary

A

mammals have 2 ovaries, the source of female gametes and a source of hormones

19
Q

oocytes

A

the female gamete

20
Q

fimbria

A

funnel shaped, open end of the female repro tract that will accept the oocyte

21
Q

oviduct

A

a long narrow tube, the oocyte remains here for several days, where sperm cells will meet the oocyte and fertilize it

22
Q

uterus

A

thick walled, tubular organon which the embryo will implant and form a placenta, where the embryo resides during pregnancy

23
Q

cervix

A

narrow channel that links the inner repro tract to the outer tract that is open to the environment, lined bu several rings of cartilage that give it structure and is filled with a thick mucus

24
Q

vagina

A

natural sight for semen deposition in most species

25
Q

vulva

A

the opening of the vagina to the outside of the body, the folds of tissue forming the opening are the labia

26
Q

estradiol

A

hormone produced by mature, fluid-filled follicles, stimulates mammary gland development, causes females to come into estrus, stimulates hormone changes that lead to ovulation and is responsible for relaxing the cervix and allows sperm to enter the inner repro tract

27
Q

corpus luteum

A

forms after the oocyte is released from the follicle at ovulation, produces progesterone

28
Q

progesterone

A

responsible for making the uterus a stable environment for the young embryo to develop in and prevents the female from ovulating again

29
Q

prostiglandin F2 alpha

A

produced after estrus, causes the corpus luteum to regress

30
Q

Hen ovary

A

just large one ovary, covered with follicles, there are no corpus lutea, the oocytes are very large and accumulate the yolk material

31
Q

infundibulum

A

equivalent to the fimbria in the mammalian repro tract, fertilization takes place here and the chalazae is formed here, this is where fertilization takes place

32
Q

chalazae

A

twists at opposite ends of the yolk and forms strands that anchor the yolk to the two poles of the egg

33
Q

magnum

A

where the rest of the egg white (albumin) is added

34
Q

isthmus

A

where the shell membrane is added (tough opaque membranes that line the the shell), at the blunt end of the egg the membranes separate and an air cell forms there

35
Q

hen uterus

A

shell gland, the shell is added to the egg here, the egg then moves to the vagina, cloaca then leaves through the vent

ASC 101 (14 decks)

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