metabolism

Question 1

metabolism

Answer 1

the study of all biomechanics reactions that are required to support normal body functions

Question 2

anabolic reactions

Answer 2

build up complex molecules from less complex precursors. example is building muscle

Question 3

catabolic reaction

Answer 3

the breakdown of complex molecules into smaller ones. example is glucose being used to generate energy, CO2 and H2O are produced

Question 4

growth

Answer 4

increase in body mass, occurs when anabolism exceeds catabolism

Question 5

hyperplasia

Answer 5

cells dividing and increasing in number

Question 6

hypertrophy

Answer 6

cells increase in size

Question 7

ectoderm

Answer 7

cells forming the nervous system

Question 8

endoderm

Answer 8

cells forming the digestive tract, liver and lungs

Question 9

mesoderm

Answer 9

form the urinary and reproductive systems,the circulatory system and the structural components of the body

Question 10

adipocytes

Answer 10

fat cells

Question 11

myoblasts

Answer 11

form muscle cells

Question 12

osteoblasts

Answer 12

form bone

Question 13

growth rate

Answer 13

greatest during the period around weaning through puberty. central nervous system matures most quickly followed by the skeletal system then muscle

Question 14

feed to gain ratio

Answer 14

the lbs of feed required to produce 1 lb of gain. smaller ratio=more efficient. the lbs of feed needed to make 1 lb or fat are greater than that needed to make 1 lb of muscle.

Question 15

compensatory growth

Answer 15

if an animal being deprived of nutrients is started being fed a good diet, their growth rate becomes higher than you see in normal animals and the animal can catch up

Question 16

Gross energy

Answer 16

the total amount of energy available in the feed

Question 17

fecal energy

Answer 17

the energy left in the feces

Question 18

digestible energy

Answer 18

fecal energy subtracted from the gross energy

Question 19

metabloized energy

Answer 19

the amount of energy lost in urine and gas

Question 20

net energy

Answer 20

subtracted heat loss, most precise measurement of energy content of a feed

Question 21

maintenance

Answer 21

highest priority energy goes to, includes breathing, pumping blood, food acquisition, digestion, escape ect

Question 22

positive energy balance

Answer 22

glucose coming into the blood exceeds the maintenance requirement. this includes growth, reproduction and lactation if there is still excess glucose it is stored as glycogen and fat

Question 23

adipocytes

Answer 23

fat cells, use glucose to synthesize fatty acids and glycerol

Question 24

negative energy balance

Answer 24

animals rely on energy in the body to put glucose back into the blood stream. glycogen is the first storage form to be used followed by fat and muscle cells