Reproduction

Question 1

what are the two types of reproduction

Answer 1

sexual and asexual reproduction

Question 2

how many parents does asexual reproduction have?

Answer 2

one parent

Question 3

how do the cells divide in asexual reproduction

Answer 3

mitosis

Question 4

what is the problem with asexual reproduction

Answer 4

there is no variation

Question 5

what does asexual reproduction produce

Answer 5

clones (genetically identical to the parents)

Question 6

give examples of things that reproduce asexually

Answer 6

1. plants
2. fungi
3. body cells

Question 7

in sexual reproduction how many gametes are there?

Answer 7

two - a male and a female

Question 8

what do the gametes do in sexual reproduction

Answer 8

the gametes fuse to form a zygote

Question 9

what cell division forms gametes?

Answer 9

meiosis

Question 10

each gamete has how many chromosomes

Answer 10

half of the full number
(in humans, that is 23)

Question 11

what are the gametes in plants

Answer 11

egg cells
pollen

Question 12

what is good about sexual reproduction

Answer 12

it has variation which is important for long term survival

Question 13

describe the meiosis process

Answer 13

1.genetic information is copied so there are four sets of chromosomes
2. cells divide twice to form four gametes

Question 14

what is a haploid

Answer 14

a cell with half the number of chromosomes
(HAP=HALF)

Question 15

what is a diploid

Answer 15

a cell with the full set of chromosomes

Question 16

what are alleles

Answer 16

different forms of the same gene

Question 17

what is the structure of DNA

Answer 17

double-helix structure

Question 18

what are genes

Answer 18

sections of dna that code for protein

Question 19

what is homozygote

Answer 19

the same alleles for a characteristic

Question 20

what is heterozygote

Answer 20

different alleles for the same characteristic

Question 21

dominant alleles

Answer 21

that is the allele that we see

Question 22

recessive alleles

Answer 22

we only see this if BOTH of the alleles are recessive

Question 23

what are the sex chromosomes for girls

Answer 23

XX

Question 24

what are the sex chromosomes for boys

Answer 24

XY

Question 25

what is polydactyly

Answer 25

when some babies have extra fingers or toes

Question 26

is polydactyly caused by dominant or recessive allele

Answer 26

dominant

Question 27

what is cystic fibrosis

Answer 27

a lung condition when the person has too much mucus

Question 28

what is the treatment for cystic fibrosis

Answer 28

physiotherapy antibiotics

Question 29

is cystic fibrosis caused by a dominant or recessive allele?

Answer 29

recessive

Question 30

what is amniocentesis

Answer 30

you take some amniotic fluid out and screen the cells in it

Question 31

what are the risks of amniocentesis

Answer 31

miscarriage

Question 32

problems with screening for genetic diseases

Answer 32

1. sometimes they give false positives 2. they are expensive