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Athavan English > Homeostasis > Flashcards

Homeostasis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

keeping conditions inside the body the same

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1
Q

Why is homeostasis important?

A

this lets the enzymes in our body work best

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2
Q

What is the nervous system made up of?

A

nerve cells called neurons

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3
Q

What are receptors

A

cells that detect stimuli(change) in the internal and external environment

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4
Q

what is the cns

A

central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)

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5
Q

what are effecors

A

muscles or glands that do the actions to restore internal conditions

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6
Q

how does the nervous system work?

A
  1. receptors detect stimuli
  2. they send electrical impulses along sensory neurones to the central nervous system
  3. the central nervous system coordinates the response and sends an impulse along motor neurons
  4. motor neurons take the impulse to effectors
  5. muscles respond by contracting
  6. glands respond by secreting chemical substances
    REMEMBER THIS USING THIS FLOWCHART:
    receptor –> sensory neurone –> CNS –> motor neurone–> effector
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7
Q

Practical for how to investigate response time

A
  1. Use a ruler drop test/digital sensors to se how quickly you react to a visual stimulus
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8
Q

what are reflexes

A

reflexes are automatic responses

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9
Q

what is the reflex arc:

A

electrical impulse’s path from:
receptor –> sensory sensor –> spinal cord –> relay –> motor neurone –> effector

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10
Q

How do synapses work?

A
  1. a chemical diffuses across the synapse to carry information across
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11
Q

where is the relay neurone?

A

in unconscious part of the brain or spinal cord

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12
Q

what is the human endocrine system

A

the system with hormones

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13
Q

what are hormones

A

chemical messengers

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14
Q

examples of rapid hormones

A

insulin and adrenaline - act quickly

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15
Q

examples of slow hormones

A

growth hormones and sex hormones - these last longer

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16
Q

what are all the endocrine (hormone) glands in the body controlled by?

A

the master gland –> the pituitary gland

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17
Q

what is glucose

A

the sugar used in respiration

18
Q

what is glycogen

A

a storage carbohydrate

19
Q

what is glucagon

A

GLUcose is GONE = GLUCAGONE
it is the hormone that is released when blood sugar is low

20
Q

where is glycogen stored

A

muscles and liver

21
Q

what does glucagon do?

A

it makes the liver break down glycogen into glucose

22
Q

which organ controls blood glucose concentration

A

pancreas

23
Q

which hormone is released when blood glucose concentration is too high

A

insulin

24
Q

what does insulin do

A
  1. lets glucose move from blood to the cells where it is used
  2. glucose is converted to glycogen
25
Q

when glycogen stores in muscle and liver are full, what happens?

A

too much glucose means the left over is turned into lipids (fats)

26
Q

which hormone is released when blood glucose concentration is too low

A

glucagon (remember - when glucose is GONE, glucaGON)

27
Q

what does glucagon do?

A

glucagon makes your liver break down glycogen into glucose

28
Q

what is type 1 diabetes?

A

when your pancreas does not produce enough insulin

29
Q

who normally has type 1 diabetes

A

normally children and teenagers

30
Q

what happens if you don’t have enough insulin

A
  1. glucose can’t get into your cells. SO you feel weak
  2. you break down fat and protein. SO you lose weight.
31
Q

what is type 2 diabetes

A

when your body cells stop responding properly to insulin

32
Q

in type 2 diabetes does the body make insulin

A

yes, the body still makes insulin, but the cells stop responding

33
Q

how is type 1 diabetes treated

A

inject insulin

34
Q

what is type 2 diabetes linked to

A

obesity and old age

35
Q

how can glucose balance be brought back to normal in type 2 diabetes

A
  1. eating a balanced diet
  2. losing weight
  3. doing exercise
36
Q

how is type 2 diabetes treated

A

metformin

37
Q

what is FSH

A

follicle stimulating hormone

38
Q

what does FSH do

A
  1. makes eggs mature
  2. stimulates the ovary to produce oestrogen
39
Q

what is LH

A

Leutenising Hormone

40
Q

What does LH do

A

triggers ovulation

41
Q

what does Oestrogen do

A
  1. makes the uterus lining develop
  2. inhibits FSH
  3. stimulates LH
42
Q

what does progresterone do

A
  1. maintains uterus lining
  2. inhibits LH and FSH
43
Q
A

Athavan English (10 decks)

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