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Year 7 Biology > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

Where does external fertilisation occur?

A

It occurs outside the female.

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2
Q

How does external fertilisation occur?

A

The male releases sperm as the female releases her eggs in the water.

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3
Q

Where does internal fertilisation occur?

A

It occurs inside the female.

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4
Q

How does internal fertilisation occur?

A

The male ejaculates a fluid called semen containing sperm into the female.

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5
Q

What is the function of the testes?

A

To produce the male sex cells.

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6
Q

What is the function of the scrotum?

A

To hold and support the testes.

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7
Q

What is the function of the epididymis?

A

To store the male sex cells.

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8
Q

What is the function of the sperm duct?

A

To transport sperm from the testes to the penis.

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9
Q

What is the function of the prostate gland and the seminal vesicle?

A

To add fluid to the sperm to create semen.

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10
Q

What is the function of the urethra?

A

Semen leaves the penis through the urethra.

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11
Q

What are the functions of the penis?

A

Firstly, to pass urine out of the man’s body. Secondly, to pass semen into the woman’s vagina.

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12
Q

What is the function of the vulva?

A

This is the outermost part of the female reproductive system where the urethra is found.

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13
Q

What is the function of the vagina?

A

This is a muscular tube which that leads from the cervix to the outside of the woman’s body.

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14
Q

What is the function of the cervix?

A

To keep the baby in place while the woman is pregnant.

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15
Q

What is the function of the womb/uterus?

A

This is where the zygote is developed.

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16
Q

What is the function of the oviduct?

A

It is a tube through which an egg passes from an ovary.

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17
Q

What is the function of the ovary?

A

This is where the unfertilised eggs are stored.

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18
Q

What is the menstrual cycle?

A

The process in which the uterus lining thickens to receive a fertilised egg.

19
Q

How long does the menstrual cycle last?

A

28-35 days.

20
Q

For how long is the uterus’ lining shed?

A

It is shed for the first six days.

21
Q

For how long does ovulation occur?

A

For three days (around the 13th day to the 16th day).

22
Q

For how long does the womb lining continue to thicken?

A

From around the 16th day to the last day.

23
Q

What is fertilisation?

A

The fusing of the male gamete and the female gamete to form a zygote.

24
Q

What is a zygote?

A

A zygote is a fertilised egg.

25
Q

What are the stages of labour?

A
  1. The muscular uterus walls begin to contract. 2. The contractions become stronger and the cervix starts to relax. 3. At some stage the amnion breaks and the fluid comes out of the vagina. 4. Once the cervix is 10cm dilated, the strong contractions begin to push the baby out. 5. The baby comes out head first and the umbilical cord is tied and cut.
26
Q

What is the function of the sepals?

A

To protect the flower when it is in bud.

27
Q

What is the function of the petals?

A

These are colourful to attract insects.

28
Q

What is the function of the nectaries?

A

To give out sugary liquid to attract insects.

29
Q

What is the function of the stigma?

A

To trap pollen.

30
Q

What is the function of the style?

A

This is where the pollen tube grows down to the female sex cells.

31
Q

What is the function of the ovary?

A

To produce the female gametes.

32
Q

What is the function of the anther?

A

To produce the male gametes.

33
Q

What is the function of the filament?

A

To support the anther.

34
Q

What is pollination?

A

This is the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma.

35
Q

What can pollination be transferred by?

A

Insects, wind and water.

36
Q

How many ways can pollination occur? What are they?

A

Pollination can occur by using self-pollination and cross-pollination.

37
Q

Why is cross-pollination more favourable than self-pollination?

A

It is more favourable because it is more resistant to disease.

38
Q

What is a seed?

A

A matured fertilised ovule of a plant.

39
Q

What is a cotyledon?

A

The food store of a seed.

40
Q

What is another word for the embryo shoot?

A

Plumule.

41
Q

What is another word for the embryo root?

A

Radicle.

42
Q

What is germination?

A

The process by which a plant grows from a seed.

43
Q

What does a seed need to grow?

A

Oxygen, warmth and moisture.

Year 7 Biology (4 decks)

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