Repro: path memorization

Question 1

The increased estrogen seen in Klinefelter syndrome is due to abnormal fxn of what cell type?

Answer 1

Leydig cells: abnormal fxn–> decr testosterone–> incr LH–> incr estrogen

Question 2

What’s another name for true hermaphroditism?

Answer 2

Ovotesticular disease of sex development

Question 3

5-alpha-reductase deficiency is associated with what congenital malformation of the penis?

Answer 3

Hydrospadias

Question 4

Which type of mole has fetal parts?

Answer 4

Partial

Question 5

What disease can cause fibrinoid necrosis of the placental vessels?

Answer 5

Preeclampsia

Question 6

What is the underlying anatomical cause of preeclampsia?

Answer 6

Abnormal spiral arteries

Question 7

2 major causes of maternal death in eclampsia?

Answer 7

Stroke and ARDS

Question 8

Name the 5 major risk factors for placental abruption

Answer 8

Smoking
Trauma
HTN
Preeclampsia
Cocaine

Question 9

Which complication of pregnancy can cause the placenta to attach to the rectum or bladder?

Answer 9

Placenta percreta

Question 10

Chronic endometritis: Dx requires finding what cell type on biopsy?

Answer 10

Plasma cell (lymphocytes are a normal finding in endometrium)

Question 11

What is the major non-neoplastic long-term complication of chronic endometritis?

Answer 11

Infertility

*Frankly, IDK for sure that chronic endometritis even causes cancer, but who knows

Question 12

Compare the size of the uterus in endometriosis and adenomyosis

Answer 12

Endometriosis: normal sized
Adenomyosis: enlarged (and soft/globular)

Question 13

Hyperplasia of what layer of the endometrium causes adenomyosis?

Answer 13

Basalis layer

Question 14

What’s another name for an endometrial polyp?

Answer 14

Adenomyoma

Question 15

Adenomyomas can be an ADE of what drug?

Answer 15

Tamoxifen

Question 16

Endometrial hyperplasia: what’s the main risk for progression to cancer?

Answer 16

Cellular atypia

Question 17

Which path of endometrial CA arises from endometrial hyperplasia, and what’s the histology?

Answer 17

Hyperplastic path

Endometroid

Question 18

What is the histology of the sporadic path of endometrial CA, and what mutation is commonly seen?

Answer 18

Serous with papillary structures + psammoma bodies

p53

Question 19

Lateral invasion of invasive cervical CA can block what structure(s)? What common cause of death can this lead to?

Answer 19

Ureters

Hydronephrosis w/ post-renal failure

Question 20

Infection by what virus (in addition to HPV) causes increased risk of cervical dysplasia/CIS?

Answer 20

HIV