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Physiology > Repro: Male Reproductive > Flashcards

Repro: Male Reproductive Flashcards

0
Q

Coiled tube of 6 meters long. Enables motility of sperm for _______.

A

Epididymis. 18-24 hrs.

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1
Q

Contains seminiferous tubules

A

Testis

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2
Q

Stores sperm. Its Ampulla.

A

Vas deferens

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3
Q

Walnut shaped

A

Prostate gland

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4
Q

Forms the Ejaculatory duct with the ampulla of the vas deferens

A

Seminal vesicles

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5
Q

External connection of testis to the external environment. Supplied with mucus derived ___________ & _________.

A

Urethra. Urethral glands & Bulbourethral glands.

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6
Q

Formation of sperm. Occurs ins seminiferous tubules. Occurs throughout life and starts at puberty at around _____.

A

Spermatogenesis. 13 years.

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7
Q

Originates from the primary ectoderm and migrates to the yolk sac; eventually, it finds its way into the testis.

A

Primordial germ cell

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8
Q

Undergoes mitotic divisions, upon crossing the barrier to the Sertoli layer, enlarges and become the _________.

A

Spermatogonia. Primary spermatocytes.

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9
Q

Formation of mature sperm cell from

A

Spermatids

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10
Q

Undergoes Meiosis I to become _____________.

A

Primary spermatocyte. Secondary spermatocyte.

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11
Q

Meiosis I is the separation of

A

Homologous chromosome

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12
Q

Meiosis II is the separation of

A

Sister Chromatids

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13
Q

Duration of entire Meiosis process

A

74days

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14
Q

Proliferate by mitotic cell division inside the testis

A

Spermatogonia

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15
Q

Hormone that affects growth and division of spermatogonia

A

Testosterone

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16
Q

Hormone that stimulates secretion of testosterone

A

LH

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17
Q

Hormone that aids in conversion of spermatids to sperm

A

FSH

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18
Q

Hormone that is for background metabolism of testis

A

Growth hormone

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19
Q

Hormones affecting Spermatogenesis

A

GH, FSH, Estrogen, LH & Testosterone “G FELT”

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20
Q

Composition of semen: 10% from

A

Sperm from vas deferens

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21
Q

Composition of semen: 30% from

A

Fluid from prostate gland

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22
Q

Composition of semen: 60% from

A

Fluid from seminal vesicle

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23
Q

Reacts with female cervical mucus. Causes reverse peristalsis in female genital tract.

A

Fluid from seminal vesicles

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24
Q

Fluid from seminal vesicle contains

A

Citric acid, Fibrinogen, Fructose & Prostaglandin “CFFP”

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25
Q

Alkalinizes the semen

A

Fluid from prostate gland

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26
Q

Fluid from the prostate gland contains

A

Calcium, Citrate, Clotting enzymes, Phosphate & Profibrinolysin “CCC PP”

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27
Q

In Capacitation: uterine and fallopian tube washes away ___________. Sperm loses _________. And sperm membrane becomes more permeable to _________.

A

Inhibitory factors of sperm. Cholesterol cap. Calcium.

28
Q

Enables the sperm to penetrate the ovarian granulosa cells. Mediated by __________ & ____________.

A

Acrosome reaction. Hyaluronidase & Proteolytic enzymes.

29
Q

Factors affecting male fertility

A

Temperature, Sperm count & Sperm morphology “TSS”

30
Q

Normal sperm count

A

35M to 200M/mL

31
Q

Abnormal sperm count

A

<20M/mL

32
Q

Sperm morphology: as much as ____ have abnormal morphology. May be morphologically normal but ________.

A

1/2. Dysfunctional.

33
Q

Undescended testes d/t temperature variations

A

Cryptorchidism

34
Q

Male sexual act may be due to what kind of stimulus

A

Neuronal

35
Q

Male sexual act results from inherent reflex mechanism integrated in the _______ & _______ spinal cord.

A

Sacral & Lumbar.

36
Q

Sexual sensation signaling flow

A

Glans penis-Pudendal nerve-Sacral plexus in SC-Undefined areas in the brain “GPS U”

37
Q

Male sexual act may also be caused by internal structures such as

A

Bladder & Prostate

38
Q

Can also enhance the ability to engage in sexual act

A

Psychic stimuli

39
Q

Stages of male sexual act

A

Penile erection, Lubrication, Emission/Ejaculation and Resolution

40
Q

Contraction of the vas deferens and ampulla to cause expulsion of sperm into urethra

A

Emission

41
Q

Wave-like and rhythmical contraction of urethra to expel semen to the external environment

A

Ejaculation

42
Q

Emission and Ejaculation is due to sympathetic nervous system (___-___), ______ and ______ sympathetic nerve plexus.

A

T12-L2. Hypogastric. Pelvic.

43
Q

Erection ceases

A

Resolution

44
Q

Due to parasympathetic nervous system. Causes the bulbourethral gland to secrete mucus.

A

Lubrication

45
Q

Due to parasympathetic nervous system. Release of ___ which activates ________. _____ relaxes the arteries of the penis.

A

Penile erection. NO. Guanylyl cyclase. cGMP.

46
Q

ANS control of emission and ejaculation

A

Sympathetic nervous system

47
Q

ANS control of lubrication stage

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

48
Q

ANS control of penile erection

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

49
Q

Any hormones that has masculinizing effects

A

Androgens

50
Q

Examples of androgens

A

Dihydrotestosterone, Androstenedione & Testosterone “DAT”

51
Q

Effects of testosterone: causes develoment of

A

Male external genitalia

52
Q

Effects of testosterone: causes _______ of testis.

A

Descent

53
Q

Effects of testosterone: development of adult ________ & ______ characteristics.

A

Primary & Secondary

54
Q

Effects of testosterone: growth of ______ & ______.

A

Hair & Baldness.

55
Q

Effects of testosterone: hypertrophy of

A

Larynx

56
Q

Effects of testosterone: increases thickness of _____ & development of _____.

A

Skin. Acne.

57
Q

Effects of testosterone: increases _____ formation and _____ development.

A

Protein. Muscle.

58
Q

Effects of testosterone: increases _________ & cause _______ retention.

A

Bone matrix. Calcium.

59
Q

Effects of testosterone: ____ BMR.

A

Increases

60
Q

Effects of testosterone: Increases what blood component

A

RBC

61
Q

Effects of testosterone: good effect on ______ & _____ balance.

A

Water & Electrolyte.

62
Q

Hormones that are responsible for regulation of Male Reproductive system

A

FSH, LH, Inhibin, GNRH & HCG “FLIG H”

63
Q

Decrease in male sexual function. Hot flushes, suffocation & psychic disorder.

A

Male climacteric

64
Q

Inability to develop or maintain an erection or sufficient rigidity for satisfactory sexual intercourse. Impotence.

A

Erectile dysfunction

65
Q

Causes of erectile dysfunction: trauma to the _______ due to _______.

A

Parasympathetic nerves from prostate surgery

66
Q

Causes of erectile dysfunction: deficient levels of

A

Testosterone

67
Q

Causes of erectile dysfunction: due to some drugs

A

Alcohol, Nicotine & Antidepressants “ANA”

Physiology (4 decks)

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