Replication Of DNA Flashcards
Prior to cell division, how is DNA replicated?
Replicated by DNA polymerase
To begin DNA replication, what happens to the DNA?
DNA is unwound and hydrogen bonds between bases are broken to form two template strands
What is a primer?
A primer is a short strand of nucleotides that is needed to start replication
Where does the primer bind to on the template DNA strand?
3’ end
What does the binding of the primer allow?
Allows polymerase to add nucleotides
What does DNA polymerase do?
Adds DNA nucleotides, using complementary base pairing to the deoxyribose 3’ end of the new DNA strand which is forming
DNA polymerase can only add DNA nucleotides in … direction
One direction
The leading strand is replicated…
Continuously
The lagging strand is replicated in…
Fragments
How are fragments of DNA joined together?
Ligase
PCR amplifies DNA how?
Using complementary primers for specific target sequences
In PCR, primers are complementary to specific target sequences at the two ends of?
The region of DNA being amplified
What does repeated cycles of heating and cooling achieve?
Used to achieve amplification
DNA is heated to 92-98 why?
To separate strands of DNA
DNA is then cooled to 50-65 why?
To allow primers to bind to target sequences
