Genomic Sequencing Flashcards
What can the sequence of nucleotide bases be determined for?
Individual genes or entire genomes
What are required to compare sequence data?
Computer and statistical analyses (bioinformatics)
What can computer programmes identify?
Base sequences by looking for sequences similar to known genes
What is phylogenetics the study of?
Evolutionary history and relationships
What is sequence divergence used to estimate?
Time since lineages diverged
Describe the sequence of main events in the evolution of life;
Cells, last universal ancestor, prokaryotes, photosynthetic organisms, eukaryotes, multicellular organisms, animals, vertebrates, land plants
Using sequence data and fossil evidence, what can be determined?
The sequence of evolutional events
Comparison of sequences provides evidence of the three domains of life, what are they?
Bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes
Many genomes have been sequenced, particularly of disease causing organisms and…
Pest species, and species that are important model organisms for research
What does the comparison of genomes reveal?
That many genes are highly conserved across different organisms
What do molecular clocks show?
When species diverged during evolution
What does molecular clocks assume? And what do they show?
A constant mutation rate, and shows differences in DNA/ amino acid sequences
What does the differences in sequence data between species indicate?
The time of divergence from a common ancestor
An individuals genome can be analysed to predict what?
The likelihood of developing certain diseases
What is pharmacogenetics?
The use of genome information in the choice of drugs given to a patient
