Repiratory System Flashcards
Eupnea
Normal breathing
Dyspnea
Difficult or laboured breathing: if due to hearth disease it is usually rapid and shallow breathing that presents.
Orthopnea
Laboured breathing that occurs when lying flat ; relieved when sit up; indicator of left ventricular failure.
Paroxysmal- nocturnal dyspnea
Sudden attacks of shortness of breath, usually occurs when asleep in bed; awaken gasping for air and trying to sit up to get fresh air; could be due to sleep.
-apnea
-cardiac edema
-left ventricular failure,
Apnea
A temporary cessation of breathing
-serious symptom especially with people other life threatening illness
Hyperventilation
Decrease levels of co2 in the blood.
Usually seeing ing asthmatics, metabolic acidosis, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary edema and an anxiety states.
Hypoventilation
Decrease in respiration rate and depth of breathing that cause an increase of c02 in blood ; decrease amount of air into alveoli.
Rhinitis
Inflammation of nasal mucosa.
Excessive mucous production, causes viruses, bacteria or allergen.
Laryngitis
Inflammation of vocal cords
Hoarseness of inability to speak
Cause: bacteria, viruses and overuse
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the pharynx “sore throat”
Tracheotomy
Opening into the trachea to insert tube to assist ventilation
Brochoscopy
Fibroscoping bundle, inserted into the trachea down to the small bronchi, for visualization and specimen collection.
Asthma
Constriction of smooth muscle around bronchial tube
Airways narrow
Increase difficulty in breathing
Causes: allergens in the air is most common trigger (disease of COPD)
Pleuritis
Inflammation of the pleura, it is painful d/t sensory nerves and the permeability of the membrane changes
