Repiratory Pharmacology 💊 Flashcards
What s the order in which you would add on therapies to manage asthma?
Low dose ICS, add inhaled LABA, add LTRA/increase ICS dose
How do inhaled corticosteroids hep reduce asthmatic symptoms?
Reduce mucosal inflammation, widens airways and reduces mucus
What are patients advised to so in order to reduce local immunosuppressive from inhaled corticosteroids?
Rinsing out mouth with water after use
What are examples of inhaled corticosteroids?
Beclometasone, budesonide, fluticasone
How often should SABAs be used in asthma?
When required
What are examples of SABAs?
Salbutamol, terbutaline
what are examples of LABAs?
Formoterol, salmeterol
What are some adverse drug reactions of beta agonists?
Tachycardia, palpitations, anxiety and tremor. Increased glycogenolysis, increased renin
Why are LABAs always prescribed with ICS?
Alone they can mask airway inflammation and near-fatal/fatal attacks
What drug type is montelukast an example of?
Leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA)
What physiological effects do leukotrienes contribute to?
Increased bronchoconstriction, mucus and oedema
For what percentage of asthmatics is a LTRA useful?
15%
What are some adverse drug reactions of LTRAs?
Headache, GI disturbances, dry mouth, hyperactivity
Which cells release leukotrienes?
Eosinophils and mast cells
What would be indications for use of long acting muscarinic antagonist?
Severe asthma and COPD
