Renewed crises and challenges, 1449-61 Flashcards
why was henry vi doomed to fail as a monarch? (three reasons)
he was made king at just 9 months old
his father, henry v had left him a complex legacy as both kings of france and england
he had an almost impossible task of retaining captured territories in france
what characteristics did henry show that were unking like? (4 characteristics)
militarily inept
easily influenced
poorly dressed
mentally weak
what did henry’s unimpressive fashion sense reveal?
the crown was close to bankrupcy
what early problems did henry face as king? (4 problems)
he had very high expectations from others because of his father
the treaty of troyes gave him a very complex legacy
he inherited an impossible financial situation
he never had a living example on how a monarch should act
who were henry’s closest advisors?
dukes of somerset and suffolk
who organised the treaty of tours (1444) and why was it controversial?
suffolk, because the terms were disadvantageous for england
what were the terms of the treaty of tours? (3 terms)
agreed a 2 year truce
henry vi would marry margaret of anjou
england would surrender maine after the truce
who in particular oppossed the treaty and why?
humphrey of gloucester, because he wanted to continue hostilities against france
why was margaret met with hostility when she entered the english court?
because she was seen as a product of the treaty of tours
who was richard, duke of york?
a powerful nobleman who was heir to the throne up until prince edwards birth in 1453
why did margaret try to isolate york?
because she favoured his enemies in the court, somerset and suffolk
why did henry’s mental collapse in 1453 cause challenges in the court?
because it created tension over who should govern in his place
what was loveday?
an attempt by henry to reconcile the yorkists and lancastrians by walking together through london
why was the duke of suffolk unpopular? (three reasons)
he was a key part of henry’s government
he oversaw massive defeats in france
he negotiated the treaty of tours
how did suffolk die?
after being reluctantly banished by henry, he was killed by sailors on his boat to exile
how did suffolks downfall undermine the authority of henry?
it was a clear example of an overmighty subject controlling an undermighty monarch
what was cades rebellion?
a popular rebellion aimed at having the people’s’ greivances addressed
what causes cades rebellion? (three causes)
suffolks body washing up on the shores of kent caused people to believe that the nobles there murdered suffolk
the unpopularity of henry’s government
high taxation to fund a losing war in france
what did henry do to try and calm the rebels?
he sent a delegation led by archbishop stafford
why did his attempts to calm the rebels fail?
stafford was killed in an ambush just days later
where did henry flee to once the rebellion got out of hand?
Kenilworth castle
why was the rebellions massive support so problematic?
some members were high ranking military officers which made organised attacks far more dangerous
who eventually defeated the rebels?
londoners
what were some of the rebels’ grievances? (three grievances)
York being alienated from government
the king’s evil councillors
the financial situation
