Renal & Respiratory Drugs

Question 1

used for pulmonary hypertension

Mech of Action
- type V phosphodiesterase inhibitor
- produces nitric oxide mediated vasodilation

Answer 1

Slidenafil

Question 2

Anti-inflammatory used for reactive airway Dz

MOA
- interferes w/ Ca transport across cell membrane
- inhibits mast cell degranulation

Answer 2

Cromolyn

Question 3

Antitussive

MOA
- depresses cough center in medulla via mu or kappa receptor

Answer 3

Morphine, codeine, & hydrocodone

Question 4

Expectorant

MOA
- stimulate gastric mucosa & vagus
- increase GI & bronchial secretions

Answer 4

Saline Expectorants

Question 5

anti-tussive

MOA
- depresses cough center in medulla via mu or kappa receptor
- partial Mu agonist

Answer 5

Butorphanol

Question 6

antitussive w/ seretonin & alpha-2 activity

Answer 6

Tramadol

Question 7

stimulate resp center in emergency

MOA
- stimulatory affects on carotid & aortic chemoreceptors

Answer 7

Doxapram

Question 8

bronchodilator

MOA
- inhibition of PDE ->
- inhibits breakdown of cAMP ->
- decreased release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells ->
- anti-inflammatory & bronchial smooth muscle relaxation.
- ALSO adenosine receptor antagonists ->
- avoid bradycardia and bronchoconstriction.

Answer 8

Methylxanthines

Question 9

bronchodilator

MOA
- stimulate alpha & beta 1 & 2 adrenergic receptors ->
- hypertension & tachycardia

Answer 9

Epinephrine
Isoproterenol

Question 10

bronchodilator

MOA
- agonist of beta-2 adrenergic receptors

Answer 10

Terbutaline
Metaproterenol
Albuterol
Salmeterol
Clenbuterol

Question 11

decongestant

MOA
- agonist of alpha-1 receptors

Answer 11

Pseudoephedrine

Question 12

decongestant & urinary retention

MOA
- agonist of alpha-1 receptors

Answer 12

Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)

Question 13

Calcium metabolism-hypercalcemia

MOA
- biologically active form of vitamin D

Answer 13

Calcitrol

Question 14

Diuretic

MOA
- most commonly used osmotic diuretic in veterinary medicine. Containins solutes of low molecular weight that are freely filtered at the glomerulus and undergo limited tubular reabsorption

Answer 14

Mannitol

Question 15

Diuretic

MOA
- Related to carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs.
- Primary site of action is distal tubule; secondary is proximal tubule.
- In distal tubule reversibly block the apical NaCl symporter
- increase K+ excretion
- inhibit calcium excretion

Answer 15

Chlorothiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 16

Diuretic

MOA
- act at late distal tubule to block Na reabsorption thru Na channels
- decreases excretion of K+, H+, Ca++ and Mg++.

Answer 16

Trimatirene
Amiloride

Question 17

Diuretic

MOA
- Increase production of RBCs in patients w/ renal dz

Answer 17

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Question 18

Diuretic Preload Reducer

MOA
- Block the Na+-K+-2Cl- symport pump

Answer 18

Furosemide

Question 19

Diuretic Preload Reducer

MOA
- Aldosterone antagonist
- binds to the mineralocorticoid receptor preventing activation of gene transcription that is necessary for Na reabsorption and K+ excretion in the distal tubule and collecting duct

Answer 19

Spironolactone

Question 20

Renal-Erythrocyte Stimulating Agent

MOA
- Directly replaced EPO to stimulate RBC production

Answer 20

Epoetin alfa,
Darbepoetin alfa