Renal & Respiratory Drugs Flashcards
used for pulmonary hypertension
Mech of Action
- type V phosphodiesterase inhibitor
- produces nitric oxide mediated vasodilation
Slidenafil
Anti-inflammatory used for reactive airway Dz
MOA
- interferes w/ Ca transport across cell membrane
- inhibits mast cell degranulation
Cromolyn
Antitussive
MOA
- depresses cough center in medulla via mu or kappa receptor
Morphine, codeine, & hydrocodone
Expectorant
MOA
- stimulate gastric mucosa & vagus
- increase GI & bronchial secretions
Saline Expectorants
anti-tussive
MOA
- depresses cough center in medulla via mu or kappa receptor
- partial Mu agonist
Butorphanol
antitussive w/ seretonin & alpha-2 activity
Tramadol
stimulate resp center in emergency
MOA
- stimulatory affects on carotid & aortic chemoreceptors
Doxapram
bronchodilator
MOA
- inhibition of PDE ->
- inhibits breakdown of cAMP ->
- decreased release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells ->
- anti-inflammatory & bronchial smooth muscle relaxation.
- ALSO adenosine receptor antagonists ->
- avoid bradycardia and bronchoconstriction.
Methylxanthines
bronchodilator
MOA
- stimulate alpha & beta 1 & 2 adrenergic receptors ->
- hypertension & tachycardia
Epinephrine
Isoproterenol
bronchodilator
MOA
- agonist of beta-2 adrenergic receptors
Terbutaline
Metaproterenol
Albuterol
Salmeterol
Clenbuterol
decongestant
MOA
- agonist of alpha-1 receptors
Pseudoephedrine
decongestant & urinary retention
MOA
- agonist of alpha-1 receptors
Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)
Calcium metabolism-hypercalcemia
MOA
- biologically active form of vitamin D
Calcitrol
Diuretic
MOA
- most commonly used osmotic diuretic in veterinary medicine. Containins solutes of low molecular weight that are freely filtered at the glomerulus and undergo limited tubular reabsorption
Mannitol
Diuretic
MOA
- Related to carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs.
- Primary site of action is distal tubule; secondary is proximal tubule.
- In distal tubule reversibly block the apical NaCl symporter
- increase K+ excretion
- inhibit calcium excretion
Chlorothiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide
Diuretic
MOA
- act at late distal tubule to block Na reabsorption thru Na channels
- decreases excretion of K+, H+, Ca++ and Mg++.
Trimatirene
Amiloride
Diuretic
MOA
- Increase production of RBCs in patients w/ renal dz
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Diuretic Preload Reducer
MOA
- Block the Na+-K+-2Cl- symport pump
Furosemide
Diuretic Preload Reducer
MOA
- Aldosterone antagonist
- binds to the mineralocorticoid receptor preventing activation of gene transcription that is necessary for Na reabsorption and K+ excretion in the distal tubule and collecting duct
Spironolactone
Renal-Erythrocyte Stimulating Agent
MOA
- Directly replaced EPO to stimulate RBC production
Epoetin alfa,
Darbepoetin alfa
