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Renal > Renal Replacement therapy > Flashcards

Renal Replacement therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the blood flow rate in haemodialysis?

A

300mls/min

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2
Q

What is the GFR in haemodialysis patients ?

A

10-12

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3
Q

What is the minimum amount of dialysis?

A

4 hrs

3 times per week

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4
Q

How much fluid can patients with no fluid output drink per day?

A

1 Litre

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5
Q

What diet restrictions do dialysis patients have?

A

Low fluid

Low salt

Low potassium

Low phospahte

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6
Q

What vein does the tunneled venous catheter usually use?

A

Usually the jugular

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7
Q

what is the downside of tunneled venous catheters?

A

Infection

endocarditis

Discitis

Death

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8
Q

What is the fluid like used in peritoneal dialysis?

A

High in glucose

Low in salt

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9
Q

What are the two methods of peritoneal dialysis?

A

CAPD - Continous peritoneal dialysis

APD - Automated peritoneal dialysis

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10
Q

How does CAPD work?

A

4 bag exchanges per day

Fluid drained then fresh fluid instilled

1/2 hr per exchange

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11
Q

How does APD work?

A

1 bag of fluid stays in all day

Overnight machine drains in and out over 10 hours

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12
Q

What are the risks with peritoneal dialysis?

A

Peritonitis

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13
Q

What are peritoneal dialysis patients at risk at?

A

Hernias

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14
Q

What are the metabolic complicaton of ESKD?

A

Hypocalcaemia

Low 1-25 Vit D

Osteomalacia

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15
Q

When should you start dialysis (bloods)

A

Resistant hyperkalaemia

GFR less than 5

Ur less than 45

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16
Q

what kidneys can a patient with blood group O recieve?

A

Only O

17
Q

What kidneys can a patient with blood group A receive ?

A

O and A

18
Q

What kidneys can a patient with blood group B reviece ?

A

O and B

19
Q

What kidneys can a patient with blood group AB recieve ?

A

O and AB

20
Q

What are the three types of HLA that are matched in organ transplanation?

A

Class 1

HLA A

HLA B

Class 2

HLA DR

21
Q

What cancers are post transplant people more at risk off?

A

Non - melanoma skin cancer

22
Q

How do Calcineurin inhibitors work?

A

Act by inhibiting activation of T helper cells

23
Q

Name two calcineurin inhibitors

A

Cyclosporin

Tacrolimus

24
Q

What are the side effects of calcineurin inhibitors?

A

Renal dysfunction

Hypertension

Diabetes

Tremors

25
Q

How does Azathioprine and Mycophenoalte work?

A

Block purine synthesis leading to suppresion of proliferation of lymphocytes and B cells

26
Q
A

Renal (6 decks)

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