renal phys Flashcards
1
Q
fxns of the kidneys
A
- Regulation of extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure
- Regulation of osmolarity
- Maintenance of ion balance
- Homeostatic regulation of pH
- Excretion of wastes
- Production of hormones
2
Q
retroperitoneal cavity
A
- behind peritoneal cavity
3
Q
three sections of the kidneys
A
- renal pelvis (pyramids aligned w/ the nephron), medulla (deep), and cortex (superficial)
4
Q
what supplies blood to the kidneys?
A
- the renal artery
- 25% of cardiac output goes to the kidneys
5
Q
nephron
A
- filtration unit, contains glomerulus and renal tubules
– Blood filtered by glomerulus –> removal of waste (urea and nitrogen-containing compounds ) and regulation of extracellular electrolytes and intravascular volume
– Produces urine
6
Q
majority of reabsorption happens where?
A
- proximal convoluted tubule
7
Q
bowman’s capsule
A
- site of plasma filtration with the glomerulus
8
Q
glomerulus
A
- first capillary bed, a ball-like network
- goes from afferent arteriole to this
9
Q
proximal convoluted tubule
A
- filtered fluid flows from bowman’s capsule to this
10
Q
loop of henle
A
- fluid goes from the PCT to this structure
- descending limb: osmolarity decreases
- ascending limb: osmolarity increases
11
Q
distal convoluted tubule
A
- fluid goes from the loop of henle to this
12
Q
collecting ducts
A
- receives fluid from the DCT
- converge and drain into the renal pelvis
13
Q
Collecting ducts pass from the ___ through the ____ and drain into the _____
A
- cortex
- medulla
- renal pelvis
14
Q
what kind of ions do we want to pass thru
A
- small ions w/ a pos charge
- ex: Na+ – also most common
15
Q
what do kidneys do?
A
- filter
- reabsorb
- secrete