Renal Pharm Flashcards
Mannitol
MOA
Use
ADE
osmotic diuresis
increased tubular fluid osm => increased urine flow, decreased intracranial/ocular pressure
drug overdose, increased ICP/intraocular pressure
Pulm edema, dehydration, hypo/hyperNa
Acetazolamide
MOA
Use
ADE
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
=> self limited NaHCO3 & decreased total body HCO3
Glaucoma, altitude sickness, metabolic alkalosis, pseudotumor cerebri
Loop Diuretics
Furosemide, bemetanide, toresemide
MOA
Use
ADE
inhibit Na/K/2Cl cotransporter in thick ascending LOH
=> abolish hyptertonicity & urine conc
&
stim PGE => dilate aa
&
increase Ca excretion
Fluid overloaded states, HTN, hyperCa
OHHDAANG O - ototoxicity H - hypokalemia H - hypomagnesmia D - dehydration A - allergy - sulfa A - metabolic alkalosis N - nephritis, interstitial G - gout
Thiazide Diuretics
HCTZ, chlorthalidone, metolazone
MOA
Use
ADE
inhibit Na/Cl resorption in DCT
&
Decrease Ca excretion
HTN, nephrogenic DI, HF hypercalciuria
hyperGLUC hypoNaKMg HyperGlycemia HyperLipidemia HyperUricemia HyperCalcemia HypoNatremia, HypoKalemia, HypoMagnesmia metabolic alkalosis, sulfa allergy
Potassium Sparing Diuretics
amiloride, spironolactone, eplerenone, triamterene
MOA
Use
ADE
s&e - aldo R antagonist
a&t - block Na channel in cortical CD
amiloride - nephrogenic DI
spirinolactone - ascities
hyperaldo, k depletion, HF
hyperkalemia
ACE inhibitors
captopril, lisinopril, enalapril, ramipril
MOA
Use
ADE
HTN, HF, proteinuria, DM nephropathy
ADE: CATCHH C - cough (bradykinin) A - angioedema T - teratogen (fetal renal malformations) C - increase Cr, decrease GFR H - hyperkalemia H - hypotension
ARB
Losartan, candesartan, valsartan
MOA
Use
ADE
binds AT1 receptor
HTN, HR, proteinuria, CKD
hyperkalemia, hypotension, decreased GFR
Aliskiren
MOA
Use
ADE
Direct renin inhibitor
HTN
Hyperkalemia, hypotension, angioedema, decreased GFR
