Renal Pathology Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

How does FSGS develop?

A

Progressive fibrosis involving some glomeruli develops after many types of renal injury, which leads to:

  • proteinuria
  • increasing functional impairment
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2
Q

Pathogenesis of Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis

A

Immune complexes containing Streptococcal antigens and antibodies are deposited in the kidneys.
This leads to formation of “subendothelial humps”.

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3
Q

Pathogenesis of Membranous Nephropathy

A

Develops from an auto-immune response against PLA2 receptor on podocytes.
Glomerular capillary walls thicken due to accumulation of deposits of Ig along the subepithelium of the GBM.

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4
Q

Which nephrotic syndrome diseases are responsive to steroids?

Which aren’t?

A

Responsive: Minimal change disease

Non-responsive: Membranous nephropathy, FSGS

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5
Q

What diseases can result in FSGS? (4)

A

HIV
Heroin use
Sickle-cell disease
Morbid obesity

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6
Q

What is the disease classification of primary FSGS?

A

A podocytopathy

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7
Q

Pathogenesis of type I MPGN

A
  1. Immune complex deposition in the glomerulus

2. Activation of both classical and alternative complement pathways

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8
Q

In which 3 disease settings can secondary type I MPGN develop?

A

Chronic immune complex disorders
Alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency
Malignancies

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9
Q

Pathogenesis of Dense Deposit Disease (type II MPGN)

A

Excessive activation of the alternative complement pathway due to constant activation of Nephritic Factor (C3NeF)

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10
Q

What type of disease is MCD?

Are there antibody deposits?

A

Podocytopathy

No

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11
Q

Pathogenesis of Alport syndrome

A

Mutations in collagen IV leads to renal, visual and hearing abnormalities

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12
Q

Pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy

A

IgA complexes are deposited in the mesangium

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13
Q

Pathogenesis of Thin Basement Membrane Disease

A

Mutations in a3 and a4 subunits of collagen IV

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14
Q

Pathogenesis of Membranoprilferative Glomerulonephritis

A

Immune-complex deposition in both mesangium and glomerular capillary walls

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15
Q

Which 3 diseases are considered “the most important primary glomerular lesions”?

A

MCD
Membranous GN
FSGS

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