renal pass med

Question 1

classic presentation of IgA nephropathy?

Answer 1

visible haematuria following a recent URTI

Question 2

cause of IgA nephropathy?

Answer 2

immune complex deposition in the glomerulus

Question 3

investigating IgA nephropathy?

Answer 3

histology shows mesangial hypercellularity with positive immunoflurescence for IgA & C3

Question 4

most common cause of acute kidney injury?

Answer 4

acute tubular necrosis

Question 5

nephrotoxic causes of ATN?

Answer 5

recent history of aminoglycoside use, rhabdomyolysis, radiocontrast agent exposure, lead exposure

Question 6

features of ATN?

Answer 6

associated with granular muddy-brown urinary casts
loss of nuclei and detachment of tubular cells from the basement membrane
occlusion of the tubular lumen by casts and cell debris

Question 7

renal biopsy in minimal change disease?

Answer 7

light microscopy is usually normal
electron microscopy shows fusion of podocytes and effacement of foot processes

Question 8

management of minimal change glomerulonephritis?

Answer 8

prednisolone