Renal - Part 1 Flashcards
Kidney receives what percentage of the cardiac output?
20-25%
What is the functional unit of the Kidney?
(smallest component of an organ or organ system that can perform all of its main physiologic activities independently)
What is the functional unit of the Kidney?
Nephron
Cd5. 80% of theses Nephrons are found in the Cortex, therefore, they are called
“Cortical Nephrons”
20% of these Nephrons are in part found in the Medulla (have long “Loop of Henle), therefore, they are called the
“Juxtamedullary nephrons”.
How many nephrons are found in one Kidney?
I million
The glomerulus is created by the?
Afferent arteriole
- Blood travels away from the Glomerulus via the?
Efferent arteriole
- What part of the Nephron completely surrounds the Glomerulus?
Bowman’s capsule
- What is the Renal Corpuscle?
Bowman’s capsule + Glomerulus
- What part of the Nephron controls the process of Filtration?
Renal Corpuscle
- What substance is neither secreted not reabsorbed at the Nephron?
Creatinine ( & Inulin
- What are the 6 components of a Nephron?
a. Glomerulus (Afferent & Efferent arteriole) b. Bowman’s capsule c. Proximal Convoluted Tubule d. Loop of Henle e. Distal Convoluted Tubule (Macula Densa found here) f. Collecting duct
- If I test for the health of the one million Renal Corpuscles that are present in one healthy Kidney, what process will I be testing? Filtration (GFR – Glomerular Filtration Rate ‐ dependents upon):
a. Effective Renal blood Flow. b. Healthy Glomerulus c. Healthy Bowman’s capsule
- What is a Nephron?
It is highly convoluted tubule. At the beginning of this tube blood is filtered. The filtered blood is called the “Filtrate”. The filtrate travels through the hollow tube that is called the Nephron and eventually becomes Urine
- Macula Densa serve as
Chemoreceptors
- Macula Densa sense the levels of
Sodium and other electrolytes.
- Where are the JG cells located?
In the walls of the Afferent arteriole mostly.
- JG cells do what?
Produce and secrete “RENIN” after stimulation from the Macula Densa.
- What is the JG apparatus (juxtamedullary apparatus) composed of…?
Macula Densa + JG cells
- What is the major location of the action of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?
Collecting duct via aquaporins (special receptors)
- What is the role of the Renal Pelvis?
Is a collection of tubule that simply collect Urine and coalesce together to form the Ureter
- What epithelium lines the Ureter and the Urinary Bladder?
Transitional epithelium
- What is the major difference in the shape of size of the Loop of Henle in Cortical & Juxtamedullary nephrons?
Juxtamedullary nephrons have a long loop of Henle (Cortical nephrons have a short loop of Henle)
Kidney is what percent of body weight
.4%
