Cvs 3 - Part 2

Question 1

The 3 chatacholemines are?

Answer 1

Epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine

Question 2

What is the source of norepinephrine in the human body?

Answer 2

Adrenal Medulla, Post ganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nerves

Question 3

What is the source of epinephrine in the human body?

Answer 3

Adrenal medulla

Question 4

Epinephrine is the more potent Vasoconstrictor so it is used for?

Answer 4

as the “Last Whip” in any attempt to revive the failing cardiovascular system

Question 5

The kidney primarily regulates what?

And How?

Answer 5

The blood pressure of the body by production of renin

Question 6

When is renin released?

Answer 6

• Renin is released by the Kidney when low renal perfusion (low blood pressure), low sodium levels & low blood volume are present

Question 7

Angiotensinogen is produced by the

Answer 7

Liver

Question 8

Angiotensin function on blood vessels

Answer 8

causes the blood vessels to constrict (does not have a potent effect)

Question 9

Angiotensin 1 is produced when?

Answer 9

when Renin acts upon Angiotensinogen

Question 10

Angiotensin converting enzyme (A.C.E.) function

Answer 10

converts Angiotensin 1 into Angiotensin 2 (which is more potent)

Question 11

• If medications block this enzyme or this enzyme’s receptors are given to a diabetic, hypertensive, or heart patient, their life-span may be prolonged for up to 10-30 years

Answer 11

A.C.E

Question 12

Why does blocking A.C.E prolong the life of certain patients

Answer 12

delays the onset of End Stage Renal disease and other end stage organ condition

Question 13

What are ACE inhibitors

Answer 13

Prevents the formation of angiotensin 2 by blocking angiotensin converting enzyme

Question 14

What are ACE receptor inhibitors?

Answer 14

Prevents the development of angiotensin 2

Question 15

What are the 4 actions of angiotensin 2?

Answer 15

Direct presser

Stimulates the zona glomerosa of the adrenal cortex

Stimulate the Adrenal Medulla and Sympathetic Nervous System’s headquarters.

Stimulates the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus

Question 16

What happens when angiotensin 2 stimulates the zona glomerosa of the adrenal cortex

Answer 16

making it produce and secrete aldosterone

Question 17

What happens when angiotensin 2 acts as a direct presser

Answer 17

increases peripheral resistance, Increases blood pressure

Question 18

When Stimulated the Adrenal Medulla and Sympathetic Nervous System’s headquarters.

Answer 18

Increase Norepinephrine and epinephrine availability

Question 19

What happens when angiotensin 2 Stimulates the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus

Answer 19

Tells them to realese more ADH (vasopressin)

Question 20

Vasopressin function on smooth muscle

Answer 20

Vasopressin is a direct presser to stimulates the smooth muscles to contract. Peripheral resistance is increased leading to elevated Blood pressure

Since Blood Pressure = Cardiac Output (C.O)× Peripheral Resistance

Question 21

ADH function

Answer 21

ADH also acts on the kidneys, which leads to increased reabsorption of water. This prevents the loss of water

Question 22

ADH or vasopressin is produced by?

And secreted by?

Answer 22

Hypothalamus

Posterior Pituitary gland

Question 23

What is the effect of aldosterone on kidney

Answer 23

acts on the kidney leading to increased reabsorption of sodium

Question 24

What are the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine on the body

Answer 24

increased PR and Heart rate, and increased blood pressure